Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Perchloric acid, 0.1N in Acetic Acid Standardized Solution
CAS: 7601-90-3 Molecular Formula: ClHO4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.45 MDL Number: MFCD00011325 InChI Key: VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: unii-v561v90bg2,perchloric acid,perchloric acid acid by mass forbidden,perchloric acid, acs reagent,perchlorsaeure,perchloric acid,ueberchlorsaeure,hyperchloric acid,hclo4 PubChem CID: 24247 ChEBI: CHEBI:29221 IUPAC Name: perchloric acid SMILES: O[Cl](=O)(=O)=O
Citric acid, 99+%
CAS: 77-92-9 Molecular Formula: C6H8O7 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 192.12 MDL Number: MFCD00011669 InChI Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy PubChem CID: 311 ChEBI: CHEBI:30769 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
Hydrochloric acid, ACS reagent, ca. 37% solution in water
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 SMILES: Cl
Citric acid, anhydrous, ACS, 99.5+%
CAS: 77-92-9 Molecular Formula: C6H8O7 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 192.12 MDL Number: MFCD00011669 InChI Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy PubChem CID: 311 ChEBI: CHEBI:30769 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
Acetic acid, glacial, ACS, 99.7+%
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Phosphoric acid, 85% aq. soln.
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 MDL Number: MFCD00011340 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
Trifluoroacetic acid, HPLC Grade, 99.5+%
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
Benzoic acid, 99%
CAS: 65-85-0 Molecular Formula: C7H6O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 122.123 MDL Number: MFCD00002398 InChI Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: benzenecarboxylic acid,dracylic acid,benzeneformic acid,carboxybenzene,phenylformic acid,benzenemethanoic acid,phenylcarboxylic acid,retardex,benzoesaeure gk,benzoesaeure gv PubChem CID: 243 ChEBI: CHEBI:30746 IUPAC Name: benzoic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O
Salicylic acid, ACS, 99+%
CAS: 69-72-7 Molecular Formula: C7H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 138.12 MDL Number: MFCD00002439 InChI Key: YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: salicylic acid,o-hydroxybenzoic acid,2-carboxyphenol,o-carboxyphenol,rutranex,salonil,retarder w,keralyt,duoplant,freezone PubChem CID: 338 ChEBI: CHEBI:16914 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O
Hydrobromic acid, ACS, 47.0-49.0%
CAS: 10035-10-6 Molecular Formula: BrH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 80.91 MDL Number: MFCD00011323 InChI Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen bromide,hydrobromic acid,bromwasserstoff,broomwaterstof,bromowodor,acido bromidrico,acide bromhydrique,anhydrous hydrobromic acid,bromowodor polish,hydrobromide PubChem CID: 260 ChEBI: CHEBI:47266 SMILES: Br
Formic acid, ACS, 96+%
CAS: 64-18-6 Molecular Formula: CH2O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 46.025 MDL Number: MFCD00003297 InChI Key: BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: methanoic acid,formylic acid,aminic acid,bilorin,hydrogen carboxylic acid,formisoton,myrmicyl,formira,acide formique,collo-bueglatt PubChem CID: 284 ChEBI: CHEBI:30751 IUPAC Name: formic acid SMILES: C(=O)O
Trifluoroacetic acid, 99.5%, for biochemistry
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 IUPAC Name: trifluoroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
Thermo Scientific Chemicals L(+)-Lactic acid, 90% solution in water
CAS: 79-33-4 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.078 MDL Number: MFCD00064266 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N Synonym: l-lactic acid,l-+-lactic acid,s-2-hydroxypropanoic acid,s-lactic acid,sarcolactic acid,s-2-hydroxypropionic acid,2s-2-hydroxypropanoic acid,+-lactic acid,espiritin,tisulac PubChem CID: 107689 ChEBI: CHEBI:422 IUPAC Name: (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(C(=O)O)O
Tannic acid, ACS
CAS: 1401-55-4 Molecular Formula: C76H52O46 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 1701.206 MDL Number: MFCD00066397 InChI Key: LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-JPZKJCTESA-N Synonym: tannins,gallotannic acid,quebracho extract,acide tannique,d'acide tannique,tannic acid usp:jan,unii-28f9e0djy6 PubChem CID: 134129492 SMILES: C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2=CC(=CC(=C2O)O)C(=O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8)OC(=O)C9=CC(=C(C(=C9)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(