Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Hydrochloric Acid, ACS Grade, 36.5 to 38.0%, LabChem™
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, 85+% solution in water
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 MDL Number: MFCD00011340 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
Murexide
CAS: 3051-09-0 Molecular Formula: C8H3N5O6-2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 265.141 MDL Number: MFCD00012777 InChI Key: MUMMBXDKKJEASE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Synonym: murexide,ammonium purpurate acid,6-oxo-5-2,4,6-trioxo-1,3-diazinan-5-ylidene amino-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-diolate,5-hexahydro-2,4,6-trioxo-5-pyrimidinyl imino-2,4,6 1h,3h,5h-pyrimidinetrione ammonium salt,6-oxidanylidene-5-2,4,6-tris oxidanylidene-1,3-diazinan-5-ylidene amino-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-diolate PubChem CID: 51381221 IUPAC Name: 6-oxo-5-[(2,4,6-trioxo-1,3-diazinan-5-ylidene)amino]-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-diolate SMILES: C1(=C(N=C(NC1=O)[O-])[O-])N=C2C(=O)NC(=O)NC2=O
Metaphosphoric acid, ACS, 33.5-36.5%, bal. NaPO{3} (Stablizer)
CAS: 37267-86-0 Molecular Formula: HO3P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 79.979 MDL Number: MFCD00011351 InChI Key: UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: metaphosphoric acid,meta-phosphoric acid,hydrogenphosphonate,m-phosphoric acid,phosphenic acid,unii-mtk99r3uv0,metaphosphoric acid hpo3,x-phosphate-group,phosphonate 1-,hydrogen phosphonate PubChem CID: 3084658 SMILES: OP(=O)=O
Tetrafluoroboric acid, 48% min w/w aq. soln.
CAS: 16872-11-0 MDL Number: MFCD00011345 Synonym: fluoroboric acid,fluoboric acid,tetrafluoroboric acid,hydrogen tetrafluoroborate,borofluoric acid,hydrofluoboric acid,borate 1-, tetrafluoro-, hydrogen,hydron tetrafluoroborate,hydrogen tetrafluoroborate 1-,unii-h429wz9fbq
Sulfuric acid, 1N (0.5M) standard solution
CAS: 7664-93-9 | H2O4S | 98.07 g/mol
Acetic Acid, Glacial (Certified ACS), Fisher Chemical
Trifluoroacetic acid, 99.5%, for biochemistry
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 IUPAC Name: trifluoroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
Chlorosulfonic acid, typically 99%
CAS: 7790-94-5 Molecular Formula: ClHO3S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 116.515 MDL Number: MFCD00011523 InChI Key: XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: chlorosulfonic acid,chlorosulfuric acid,sulfuric chlorohydrin,chlorosulphuric acid,chlorosulphonic acid,monochlorosulfuric acid,unii-2o9axl1tj4,sulfonic acid, monochloride,chloridosulfuric acid,hsdb 909 PubChem CID: 24638 IUPAC Name: sulfurochloridic acid SMILES: OS(=O)(=O)Cl
Acetic Acid, 25% v/v (For AOAC Method 948.10), Fisher Scientific™
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): Mixture MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Gallic acid, 98%
CAS: 149-91-7 Molecular Formula: C7H6O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 170.12 MDL Number: MFCD00002510 InChI Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: gallic acid,gallate,benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy,gallic acid, tech.,galop,pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid,kyselina gallova,3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate,ccris 5523,kyselina gallova czech PubChem CID: 370 ChEBI: CHEBI:30778 IUPAC Name: 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1
Nitric acid, ACS, 68.0-70.0%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Nitric acid, 70%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Nitric Acid, ACS Reagent Grade, 70%, Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Maleic Acid, 99%
CAS: 110-16-7 Molecular Formula: C4H4O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 116.07 MDL Number: MFCD00063177 InChI Key: VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Synonym: maleic acid,cis-butenedioic acid,toxilic acid,maleinic acid,malenic acid,2z-but-2-enedioic acid,2-butenedioic acid z,maleate,cis-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid,z-butenedioic acid PubChem CID: 444266 ChEBI: CHEBI:18300 IUPAC Name: (Z)-but-2-enedioic acid SMILES: OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O