Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Murexide
CAS: 3051-09-0 Molecular Formula: C8H3N5O6-2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 265.141 MDL Number: MFCD00012777 InChI Key: MUMMBXDKKJEASE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Synonym: murexide,ammonium purpurate acid,6-oxo-5-2,4,6-trioxo-1,3-diazinan-5-ylidene amino-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-diolate,5-hexahydro-2,4,6-trioxo-5-pyrimidinyl imino-2,4,6 1h,3h,5h-pyrimidinetrione ammonium salt,6-oxidanylidene-5-2,4,6-tris oxidanylidene-1,3-diazinan-5-ylidene amino-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-diolate PubChem CID: 51381221 IUPAC Name: 6-oxo-5-[(2,4,6-trioxo-1,3-diazinan-5-ylidene)amino]-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-diolate SMILES: C1(=C(N=C(NC1=O)[O-])[O-])N=C2C(=O)NC(=O)NC2=O
Trichloroacetic acid, 99%, extra pure
CAS: 76-03-9 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 163.39 MDL Number: MFCD00004177 InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trichloroacetic acid,trichloroethanoic acid,aceto-caustin,trichloroacetic acid,acetic acid, trichloro,trichloressigsaeure,konesta,acide trichloracetique,acido tricloroacetico,amchem grass killer PubChem CID: 6421 ChEBI: CHEBI:30956 IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)O
Decanoic acid, 99%
CAS: 334-48-5 Molecular Formula: C10H20O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 172.268 MDL Number: MFCD00004441 InChI Key: GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: capric acid,n-decanoic acid,n-capric acid,decylic acid,caprinic acid,decoic acid,n-decylic acid,n-decoic acid,1-nonanecarboxylic acid,caprynic acid PubChem CID: 2969 ChEBI: CHEBI:30813 IUPAC Name: decanoic acid SMILES: CCCCCCCCCC(=O)O
Trifluoroacetic acid, 99.5%, for biochemistry
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 IUPAC Name: trifluoroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
Hydrochloric acid, 50% v/v aq. soln.
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Perchloric Acid, ACS, 60-62%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 7601-90-3 Molecular Formula: ClHO4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.45 MDL Number: MFCD00011325 InChI Key: VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: unii-v561v90bg2,perchloric acid,perchloric acid acid by mass forbidden,perchloric acid, acs reagent,perchlorsaeure,perchloric acid,ueberchlorsaeure,hyperchloric acid,hclo4 PubChem CID: 24247 ChEBI: CHEBI:29221 IUPAC Name: perchloric acid SMILES: O[Cl](=O)(=O)=O
Benzoic acid, ACS, 99.5% min
CAS: 65-85-0 Molecular Formula: C7H6O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 122.123 MDL Number: MFCD00002398 InChI Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: benzenecarboxylic acid,dracylic acid,benzeneformic acid,carboxybenzene,phenylformic acid,benzenemethanoic acid,phenylcarboxylic acid,retardex,benzoesaeure gk,benzoesaeure gv PubChem CID: 243 ChEBI: CHEBI:30746 IUPAC Name: benzoic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O
Sulfuric Acid, Certified, 20.0% (v/v) ±0.5%, LabChem™
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Boric acid, ACS, 99.5% min
CAS: 10043-35-3 Molecular Formula: BH3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 61.83 MDL Number: MFCD00011337 InChI Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoboric acid,boracic acid,borofax,boron hydroxide,boron trihydroxide,three elephant,basilit b,trihydroxyborone,h3bo3,flea prufe PubChem CID: 7628 ChEBI: CHEBI:33118 IUPAC Name: boric acid SMILES: OB(O)O
Sulfuric acid, ACS reagent, 95% solution in water
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Benzoic acid, 99.5%, for analysis
CAS: 65-85-0 Molecular Formula: C7H6O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 122.123 MDL Number: MFCD00002398 InChI Key: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: benzenecarboxylic acid,dracylic acid,benzeneformic acid,carboxybenzene,phenylformic acid,benzenemethanoic acid,phenylcarboxylic acid,retardex,benzoesaeure gk,benzoesaeure gv PubChem CID: 243 ChEBI: CHEBI:30746 IUPAC Name: benzoic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O
Boric acid, 99.6%, ACS reagent
CAS: 10043-35-3 Molecular Formula: BH3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 61.83 MDL Number: MFCD00011337 InChI Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoboric acid,boracic acid,borofax,boron hydroxide,boron trihydroxide,three elephant,basilit b,trihydroxyborone,h3bo3,flea prufe PubChem CID: 7628 ChEBI: CHEBI:33118 IUPAC Name: boric acid SMILES: OB(O)O
Acetic Acid, 99.8%, for biochemistry
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Perchloric acid, for analysis, ca. 70% solution in water
CAS: 7601-90-3 Molecular Formula: ClHO4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.45 MDL Number: MFCD00011325 InChI Key: VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: unii-v561v90bg2,perchloric acid,perchloric acid acid by mass forbidden,perchloric acid, acs reagent,perchlorsaeure,perchloric acid,ueberchlorsaeure,hyperchloric acid,hclo4 PubChem CID: 24247 ChEBI: CHEBI:29221 IUPAC Name: perchloric acid SMILES: O[Cl](=O)(=O)=O
Azelaic acid, 98%
CAS: 123-99-9 Molecular Formula: C9H16O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 188.223 MDL Number: MFCD00004432 InChI Key: BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: azelaic acid,finacea,anchoic acid,azelex,lepargylic acid,skinoren,1,7-heptanedicarboxylic acid,heptanedicarboxylic acid,1,9-nonanedioic acid,emerox 1110 PubChem CID: 2266 ChEBI: CHEBI:48131 IUPAC Name: nonanedioic acid SMILES: C(CCCC(=O)O)CCCC(=O)O