Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Succinic anhydride, 99%
CAS: 108-30-5 Molecular Formula: C4H4O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.07 MDL Number: MFCD00005525 InChI Key: RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: succinic anhydride,dihydrofuran-2,5-dione,succinic acid anhydride,succinyl oxide,2,5-diketotetrahydrofuran,dihydro-2,5-furandione,butanedioic anhydride,2,5-furandione, dihydro,succinyl anhydride,rikacid sa PubChem CID: 7922 ChEBI: CHEBI:36595 IUPAC Name: oxolane-2,5-dione SMILES: O=C1CCC(=O)O1
Humic acid, sodium salt, 45-70%, technical, (as humic acid)
CAS: 68131-04-4 Molecular Formula: C9H8Na2O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 226.139 MDL Number: MFCD00135560 InChI Key: HMGUIQPKFUZDPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L Synonym: humic acid sodium salt,sodium bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate,sodium humate,disodium bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-en-2,3-dicarboxylate,disodium bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate,bicyclo 2.2.1 hepta-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid disodium salt PubChem CID: 21908873 IUPAC Name: disodium;bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate SMILES: C1C2C=CC1C(C2C(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+]
Citric acid monohydrate, 99.5+%
CAS: 5949-29-1 Molecular Formula: C6H10O8 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 210.138 MDL Number: MFCD00149972 InChI Key: YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid monohydrate,citric acid hydrate,2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate,citric acid, monohydrate,unii-2968phw8qp,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monohydrate,citrate,acidum citricum monohydricum,citric acid monohydrate usp PubChem CID: 22230 ChEBI: CHEBI:31404 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;hydrate SMILES: C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O.O
Iodic acid, ACS, 99.5% min
CAS: 7782-68-5 Molecular Formula: HIO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 175.91 MDL Number: MFCD00011348 InChI Key: FZAXZVHFYFGNBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: unii-6u8j18jsbm,6u8j18jsbm,iodicacid,monoiodic acid,caswell no. 499a,iodsaeure,trioxoiodic acid,iodic v acid,sodium iodate min PubChem CID: 24345 ChEBI: CHEBI:24857 IUPAC Name: lithium(1+) iodate SMILES: [Li+].[O-][I](=O)=O
Hydrochloric Acid,OmniPure™ MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Hydrochloric Acid, USP™, Titripur™, MilliporeSigma™,
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Vanillic acid, 98%
CAS: 121-34-6 Molecular Formula: C8H8O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 168.15 MDL Number: MFCD00002551 InChI Key: WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: vanillic acid,acide vanillique,p-vanillic acid,benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy,3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillate,m-anisic acid, 4-hydroxy,protocatechuic acid, 3-methyl ester,4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoic acid,unii-gm8q3jm2y8 PubChem CID: 8468 ChEBI: CHEBI:30816 IUPAC Name: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid SMILES: COC1=CC(=CC=C1O)C(O)=O
Polyphosphoric acid, ca 84% (as phosphorus pentoxide)
CAS: 8017-16-1 Molecular Formula: (HO3P)n MDL Number: MFCD00084480 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: Polyphosphoric acid SMILES: [H]OP(O)(O)=O
Acetic Acid, 99.8%, for analysis
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
o-Phosphoric Acid, 85.0% min., ACS, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
Acetic acid, 99.7+%, ACS reagent
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Acetic Acid, 1% (v/v), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): Mixture MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Hydrochloric acid, 4N solution in 1,4-Dioxane/water
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Hydrochloric acid, 37%, for analysis, (max. 0.000001% Hg)
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: chlorane SMILES: Cl
Azelaic acid, 98%
CAS: 123-99-9 Molecular Formula: C9H16O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 188.223 MDL Number: MFCD00004432 InChI Key: BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: azelaic acid,finacea,anchoic acid,azelex,lepargylic acid,skinoren,1,7-heptanedicarboxylic acid,heptanedicarboxylic acid,1,9-nonanedioic acid,emerox 1110 PubChem CID: 2266 ChEBI: CHEBI:48131 IUPAC Name: nonanedioic acid SMILES: C(CCCC(=O)O)CCCC(=O)O