Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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DL-Tartaric acid, 99.5%
CAS: 133-37-9 Molecular Formula: C4H6O6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09 MDL Number: MFCD00071626 InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: dl-tartaric acid,2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid,tartaric acid,racemic acid,uvic acid,traubensaure,paratartaric acid,paratartaric aicd,dl-tartrate,racemic tartaric acid PubChem CID: 875 ChEBI: CHEBI:15674 IUPAC Name: 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
Phosphoric Acid, 50% (v/v), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
Nitric Acid, 10% (v/v), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Adipic Acid 99.0+%, TCI America™
CAS: 124-04-9 Molecular Formula: C6H10O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 146.142 MDL Number: MFCD00004420 InChI Key: WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: adipic acid,adipinic acid,1,4-butanedicarboxylic acid,adilactetten,acifloctin,acinetten,1,6-hexanedioic acid,molten adipic acid,kyselina adipova,adipinsaure german PubChem CID: 196 ChEBI: CHEBI:30832 IUPAC Name: hexanedioic acid SMILES: C(CCC(=O)O)CC(=O)O
Perchloric acid, pure, 0.1M solution in acetic acid
CAS: 7601-90-3 | ClHO4 | 100.45 g/mol
Acetic acid, 50%, solution in water
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Sulfuric Acid, 25% (w/w), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Sulfuric acid, 0.1N (0.05M) standard solution
CAS: 7664-93-9 | H2O4S | 98.07 g/mol
Trichloroacetic acid, 5% w/v aq. soln.
CAS: 76-03-9 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 163.378 MDL Number: MFCD00004177 InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trichloroacetic acid,trichloroethanoic acid,aceto-caustin,trichloroacetic acid,acetic acid, trichloro,trichloressigsaeure,konesta,acide trichloracetique,acido tricloroacetico,amchem grass killer PubChem CID: 6421 ChEBI: CHEBI:30956 IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)O
Acetic Acid (glacial), 100%, EMPROVE™ ESSENTIAL Ph Eur, BP, JP, USP, E 260, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 Synonym: Ethanoic acid
Phosphoric acid, 98+%, pure
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 MDL Number: MFCD00011340 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
DL-Lactic acid, 90%
CAS: 50-21-5 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.08 MDL Number: MFCD00004520 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: lactic acid,dl-lactic acid,2-hydroxypropionic acid,milk acid,lactate,polylactic acid,ethylidenelactic acid,lactovagan,tonsillosan,acidum lacticum PubChem CID: 612 ChEBI: CHEBI:78320 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(O)C(O)=O
Phosphotungstic acid hydrate
CAS: 12067-99-1 MDL Number: MFCD00041964 Synonym: Tungstophosphoric acid
Citric acid monohydrate, for HPLC
CAS: 5949-29-1 Molecular Formula: C6H10O8 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 210.14 InChI Key: YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate SMILES: O.OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O