Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Phosphoric acid, for analysis, 85 wt% solution in water
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 MDL Number: MFCD00011340 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
Vanillic acid, 98%
CAS: 121-34-6 Molecular Formula: C8H8O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 168.15 MDL Number: MFCD00002551 InChI Key: WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: vanillic acid,acide vanillique,p-vanillic acid,benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy,3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillate,m-anisic acid, 4-hydroxy,protocatechuic acid, 3-methyl ester,4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoic acid,unii-gm8q3jm2y8 PubChem CID: 8468 ChEBI: CHEBI:30816 IUPAC Name: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid SMILES: COC1=CC(=CC=C1O)C(O)=O
Hydrobromic acid, for analysis, ca. 48% solution in water
CAS: 10035-10-6 Molecular Formula: BrH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 80.91 MDL Number: MFCD00011323 InChI Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen bromide,hydrobromic acid,bromwasserstoff,broomwaterstof,bromowodor,acido bromidrico,acide bromhydrique,anhydrous hydrobromic acid,bromowodor polish,hydrobromide PubChem CID: 260 ChEBI: CHEBI:47266 IUPAC Name: hydrogen bromide SMILES: Br
Phosphorous acid, 98+%
CAS: 13598-36-2 Molecular Formula: H3PO3 MDL Number: MFCD00137258 Synonym: Phosphonic acid
Tannic acid
CAS: 1401-55-4 Molecular Formula: C76H52O46 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 1701.206 MDL Number: MFCD00066397 InChI Key: LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-JPZKJCTESA-N Synonym: tannins,gallotannic acid,quebracho extract,acide tannique,d'acide tannique,tannic acid usp:jan,unii-28f9e0djy6 PubChem CID: 134129492 SMILES: C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)OC2=CC(=CC(=C2O)O)C(=O)OCC3C(C(C(C(O3)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C(=C5)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C6=CC(=C(C(=C6)OC(=O)C7=CC(=C(C(=C7)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8)OC(=O)C9=CC(=C(C(=C9)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC(=O)C1=CC(=C(
DL-Malic acid, 98%
CAS: 6915-15-7 Molecular Formula: C4H6O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 134.087 MDL Number: MFCD00064212 InChI Key: BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: malic acid,dl-malic acid,2-hydroxysuccinic acid,malate,hydroxysuccinic acid,butanedioic acid, hydroxy,kyselina jablecna,pomalus acid,hydroxybutanedioic acid,deoxytetraric acid PubChem CID: 525 ChEBI: CHEBI:6650 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: C(C(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O
Succinic anhydride, 99%
CAS: 108-30-5 Molecular Formula: C4H4O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.07 MDL Number: MFCD00005525 InChI Key: RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: succinic anhydride,dihydrofuran-2,5-dione,succinic acid anhydride,succinyl oxide,2,5-diketotetrahydrofuran,dihydro-2,5-furandione,butanedioic anhydride,2,5-furandione, dihydro,succinyl anhydride,rikacid sa PubChem CID: 7922 ChEBI: CHEBI:36595 IUPAC Name: oxolane-2,5-dione SMILES: O=C1CCC(=O)O1
DL-Mandelic acid, 99+%
CAS: 90-64-2 Molecular Formula: C8H8O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 152.149 InChI Key: IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: mandelic acid,dl-mandelic acid,phenylglycolic acid,amygdalic acid,almond acid,uromaline,p-mandelic acid,racemic mandelic acid,paramandelic acid,rs-mandelic acid PubChem CID: 1292 ChEBI: CHEBI:35825 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(=O)O)O
Phosphotungstic acid hydrate
CAS: 12501-23-4 Molecular Formula: H5O41PW12 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 2880.20 MDL Number: MFCD00011342 InChI Key: AVFBYUADVDVJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: phosphotungstic acid hydrate,tungstophosphoric acid,12-tungstophosphoric acid hydrate,phosphoric acid dodecakis tungsten trioxide hydrate,iuaxea,aronis24073,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, reagent grade,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, for microscopy,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, p.a,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, saj special grade PubChem CID: 16212977 SMILES: O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O
Hydrochloric Acid,OmniPure™ MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
L-(+)-Tartaric acid, 99%
CAS: 87-69-4 Molecular Formula: C4H6O6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09 MDL Number: MFCD00064207 InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: l-tartaric acid,l-+-tartaric acid,l +-tartaric acid,2r,3r-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid,tartaric acid,2r,3r-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid,r,r-tartaric acid,#NAME?,dextrotartaric acid,l-threaric acid PubChem CID: 444305 ChEBI: CHEBI:15671 IUPAC Name: (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
Hydrogen chloride, 5 to 6N solution in 2-propanol, AcroSeal™
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Tetrafluoroboric acid, ca 50% w/w aq. soln.
CAS: 16872-11-0 MDL Number: MFCD00011345 Synonym: fluoroboric acid,fluoboric acid,tetrafluoroboric acid,hydrogen tetrafluoroborate,borofluoric acid,hydrofluoboric acid,borate 1-, tetrafluoro-, hydrogen,hydron tetrafluoroborate,hydrogen tetrafluoroborate 1-,unii-h429wz9fbq
Hydrochloric acid, 37%, for analysis, (max. 0.000001% Hg)
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: chlorane SMILES: Cl
Formic acid, ACS, 88+%
CAS: 64-18-6 Molecular Formula: CH2O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 46.025 MDL Number: MFCD00003297 InChI Key: BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: methanoic acid,formylic acid,aminic acid,bilorin,hydrogen carboxylic acid,formisoton,myrmicyl,formira,acide formique,collo-bueglatt PubChem CID: 284 ChEBI: CHEBI:30751 IUPAC Name: formic acid SMILES: C(=O)O