Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Hydrochloric acid, for analysis, ca. 32% solution in water
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: chlorane SMILES: Cl
Sulfuric Acid, 25% (w/w), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Selenious acid, 98%
CAS: 7783-00-8 Molecular Formula: H2O3Se Molecular Weight (g/mol): 128.98 MDL Number: MFCD00011331 InChI Key: MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: selenious acid,selenious acid h2seo3,monohydrated selenium dioxide,unii-f6a27p4q4r,selenium dioxide, monohydrated,ccris 5530,selenious acid usp,selenious acid,selenous acid,monohydrated selenium dioxide,selenium, reference standard solution PubChem CID: 1091 ChEBI: CHEBI:26642 IUPAC Name: selenous acid SMILES: O[Se](O)=O
Fluoroboric acid, 50 wt% solution in water
CAS: 16872-11-0 Molecular Formula: BF4H Molecular Weight (g/mol): 87.812 MDL Number: MFCD00011345 InChI Key: ODGCEQLVLXJUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-O Synonym: fluoroboric acid,fluoboric acid,tetrafluoroboric acid,hydrogen tetrafluoroborate,borofluoric acid,hydrofluoboric acid,borate 1-, tetrafluoro-, hydrogen,hydron tetrafluoroborate,hydrogen tetrafluoroborate 1-,unii-h429wz9fbq PubChem CID: 28118 ChEBI: CHEBI:38902 IUPAC Name: hydron;tetrafluoroborate SMILES: [H+].[B-](F)(F)(F)F
Amidosulfonic acid, ACS, 99.3-100.3% (Assay dried basis)
CAS: 5329-14-6 Molecular Formula: H3NO3S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.088 MDL Number: MFCD00011603 InChI Key: IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: amidosulfonic acid,amidosulfuric acid,aminosulfonic acid,imidosulfonic acid,sulfamidic acid,sulfaminic acid,sulphamic acid,jumbo,aminosulfuric acid,sulphamidic acid PubChem CID: 5987 ChEBI: CHEBI:9330 IUPAC Name: sulfamic acid SMILES: NS(=O)(=O)O
Perchloric Acid, 0.0200 N (N/50) in Glacial Acetic Acid, Ricca Chemical
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Phosphotungstic acid hydrate
CAS: 12501-23-4 Molecular Formula: H5O41PW12 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 2880.20 MDL Number: MFCD00011342 InChI Key: AVFBYUADVDVJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: phosphotungstic acid hydrate,tungstophosphoric acid,12-tungstophosphoric acid hydrate,phosphoric acid dodecakis tungsten trioxide hydrate,iuaxea,aronis24073,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, reagent grade,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, for microscopy,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, p.a,phosphotungstic acid hydrate, saj special grade PubChem CID: 16212977 SMILES: O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O
Salicylic acid, 99+%, ACS reagent
CAS: 69-72-7 Molecular Formula: C7H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 138.12 MDL Number: MFCD00002439 InChI Key: YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: salicylic acid,o-hydroxybenzoic acid,2-carboxyphenol,o-carboxyphenol,rutranex,salonil,retarder w,keralyt,duoplant,freezone PubChem CID: 338 ChEBI: CHEBI:16914 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O
trans-Cinnamic acid, 99+%
CAS: 140-10-3 Molecular Formula: C9H8O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 148.161 MDL Number: MFCD00004369 InChI Key: WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-N Synonym: cinnamic acid,trans-cinnamic acid,e-cinnamic acid,3-phenylacrylic acid,trans-3-phenylacrylic acid,zimtsaeure,2e-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid,3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid,3-phenylpropenoic acid PubChem CID: 444539 ChEBI: CHEBI:35697 IUPAC Name: (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=CC(=O)O
Humic acid sodium salt, tech. 50-60% (as humic acid)
CAS: 68131-04-4 Molecular Formula: C9H8Na2O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 226.139 MDL Number: MFCD00135560 InChI Key: HMGUIQPKFUZDPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L Synonym: humic acid sodium salt,sodium bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate,sodium humate,disodium bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-en-2,3-dicarboxylate,disodium bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate,bicyclo 2.2.1 hepta-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid disodium salt PubChem CID: 21908873 IUPAC Name: disodium;bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylate SMILES: C1C2C=CC1C(C2C(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+]
L-(+)-Tartaric acid, 99%
CAS: 87-69-4 Molecular Formula: C4H6O6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09 MDL Number: MFCD00064207 InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: l-tartaric acid,l-+-tartaric acid,l +-tartaric acid,2r,3r-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid,tartaric acid,2r,3r-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid,r,r-tartaric acid,#NAME?,dextrotartaric acid,l-threaric acid PubChem CID: 444305 ChEBI: CHEBI:15671 IUPAC Name: (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
Boric acid, 99.8%
CAS: 10043-35-3 Molecular Formula: BH3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 61.83 MDL Number: MFCD00011337 InChI Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoboric acid,boracic acid,borofax,boron hydroxide,boron trihydroxide,three elephant,basilit b,trihydroxyborone,h3bo3,flea prufe PubChem CID: 7628 ChEBI: CHEBI:33118 IUPAC Name: boric acid SMILES: OB(O)O
Adipic Acid 99.0+%, TCI America™
CAS: 124-04-9 Molecular Formula: C6H10O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 146.142 MDL Number: MFCD00004420 InChI Key: WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: adipic acid,adipinic acid,1,4-butanedicarboxylic acid,adilactetten,acifloctin,acinetten,1,6-hexanedioic acid,molten adipic acid,kyselina adipova,adipinsaure german PubChem CID: 196 ChEBI: CHEBI:30832 IUPAC Name: hexanedioic acid SMILES: C(CCC(=O)O)CC(=O)O
Gallic Acid, MP Biomedicals
CAS: 149-91-7 Molecular Formula: C7H6O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 170.12 MDL Number: MFCD00002510 InChI Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: gallic acid,gallate,benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy,gallic acid, tech.,galop,pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid,kyselina gallova,3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate,ccris 5523,kyselina gallova czech PubChem CID: 370 ChEBI: CHEBI:30778 IUPAC Name: 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1
Hydrochloric acid, for analysis, fuming, 37% solution in water
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 SMILES: Cl