Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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(±)-Mandelic Acid, 99%
CAS: 90-64-2 Molecular Formula: C8H8O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 152.149 MDL Number: MFCD00064250 InChI Key: IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: mandelic acid,dl-mandelic acid,phenylglycolic acid,amygdalic acid,almond acid,uromaline,p-mandelic acid,racemic mandelic acid,paramandelic acid,rs-mandelic acid PubChem CID: 1292 ChEBI: CHEBI:35825 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(=O)O)O
Trichloroacetic acid. EMSURE™, MilliporeSigma™, For Analysis,
CAS: 76-03-9 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 163.378 InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trichloroacetic acid,trichloroethanoic acid,aceto-caustin,trichloroacetic acid,acetic acid, trichloro,trichloressigsaeure,konesta,acide trichloracetique,acido tricloroacetico,amchem grass killer PubChem CID: 6421 ChEBI: CHEBI:30956 IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)O
Sulfuric Acid, Certified, 0.0400N ±0.0004N (0.02M), LabChem™
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Acetic Acid (glacial), 100%, EMPROVE™ ESSENTIAL Ph Eur, BP, JP, USP, E 260, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 Synonym: Ethanoic acid
Trichloroacetic acid, 99.6%, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 76-03-9 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 163.378 InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trichloroacetic acid,trichloroethanoic acid,aceto-caustin,trichloroacetic acid,acetic acid, trichloro,trichloressigsaeure,konesta,acide trichloracetique,acido tricloroacetico,amchem grass killer PubChem CID: 6421 ChEBI: CHEBI:30956 IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)O
Sulfuric acid, Environmental Grade, 93-98%
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Nitric Acid, 68.0 to 70.0%, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Nitric Acid, 0.100 N (N/10), Ricca Tightrant™
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Trichloroacetic Acid, 10% (w/v), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): Mixture InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trichloroacetic acid,trichloroethanoic acid,aceto-caustin,trichloroacetic acid,acetic acid, trichloro,trichloressigsaeure,konesta,acide trichloracetique,acido tricloroacetico,amchem grass killer PubChem CID: 6421 ChEBI: CHEBI:30956 IUPAC Name: trichloroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl
Sodium Benzoate 98.0+%, TCI America™
CAS: 532-32-1 Molecular Formula: C7H5NaO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 144.11 MDL Number: MFCD00012463 InChI Key: WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: sodium benzoate,benzoic acid, sodium salt,benzoic acid sodium salt,sobenate,antimol,benzoate sodium,benzoate of soda,benzoate, sodium,natrium benzoicum,caswell no. 746 PubChem CID: 517055 IUPAC Name: sodium benzoate SMILES: [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1
Periodic acid, for analysis
CAS: 10450-60-9 Molecular Formula: H5IO6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 227.94 MDL Number: MFCD00011344 InChI Key: TWLXDPFBEPBAQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoperiodic acid,periodic acid,tetrahydroxyiodous acid,acid, periodic,paraperiodic acid,pentahydroxy-l5-iodane oxide,unii-ak1d44l87g,pentahydroxidooxidoiodine,hexaoxoiodic 5-acid,periodic acid, cryst PubChem CID: 25289 ChEBI: CHEBI:29150 IUPAC Name: pentahydroxy(oxo)-$l^{7}-iodane SMILES: O[I](O)(O)(O)(O)=O
p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, 97%
CAS: 6192-52-5 Molecular Formula: C7H10O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 190.213 MDL Number: MFCD00142137 InChI Key: KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate,4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate,4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid monohydrate,p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate,unii-3bto78gaff,benzenesulfonic acid, 4-methyl-, monohydrate,ptoluenesulfonic acid,p-toluenesulfonic acid, monohydrate,3bto78gaff,4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid hydrate PubChem CID: 521998 IUPAC Name: 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid;hydrate SMILES: CC1=CC=C(C=C1)S(=O)(=O)O.O
DL-Lactic acid, 90%
CAS: 50-21-5 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.08 MDL Number: MFCD00004520 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: lactic acid,dl-lactic acid,2-hydroxypropionic acid,milk acid,lactate,polylactic acid,ethylidenelactic acid,lactovagan,tonsillosan,acidum lacticum PubChem CID: 612 ChEBI: CHEBI:78320 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(O)C(O)=O
Hydrochloric Acid, Certified, 0.0100N ±0.0001N (0.01M), LabChem™
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl