Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Hydrogen chloride, pure, 1N solution in diethyl ether, AcroSeal™
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Citric Acid, Monohydrate Granular/ACS), Macron Fine Chemicals™
CAS: 5949-29-1 Molecular Formula: C6H10O8 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 210.138 InChI Key: YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid monohydrate,citric acid hydrate,2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate,citric acid, monohydrate,unii-2968phw8qp,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monohydrate,citrate,acidum citricum monohydricum,citric acid monohydrate usp PubChem CID: 22230 ChEBI: CHEBI:31404 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;hydrate SMILES: C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O.O
Boric acid, 99.5%, for analysis
CAS: 10043-35-3 Molecular Formula: BH3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 61.83 MDL Number: MFCD00011337 InChI Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoboric acid,boracic acid,borofax,boron hydroxide,boron trihydroxide,three elephant,basilit b,trihydroxyborone,h3bo3,flea prufe PubChem CID: 7628 ChEBI: CHEBI:33118 IUPAC Name: boric acid SMILES: OB(O)O
Acetic acid, ammonium salt, 98+%, for analysis
CAS: 631-61-8 Molecular Formula: C2H7NO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 77.083 MDL Number: MFCD00013066 InChI Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ammonium acetate,acetic acid, ammonium salt,azanium acetate,ammoniumacetate,acetic acid ammonium salt,ammonium ethanoate,unii-rre756s6q2,aconh4,ch3coonh4,ch3co2nh4 PubChem CID: 517165 ChEBI: CHEBI:62947 IUPAC Name: azanium;acetate SMILES: CC(=O)[O-].[NH4+]
Gallic acid monohydrate
CAS: 5995-86-8 Molecular Formula: C7H5O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 169.11 MDL Number: MFCD00149098 InChI Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: gallic acid monohydrate,3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid hydrate,galop hydrate,3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid monohydrate,gallicum acidum,benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, hydrate,gallic acid, monohydrate,gallicacidmonohydrate,gallic acid, acs,acmc-1ary0 PubChem CID: 24721416 IUPAC Name: 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid;hydrate SMILES: OC1=CC(=CC(O)=C1O)C([O-])=O
Hydrobromic Acid, 47.0%, Suprapur™, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 10035-10-6 Molecular Formula: BrH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 80.91 MDL Number: MFCD00011323 InChI Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: Hydrogen bromide solution IUPAC Name: hydrogen bromide SMILES: Br
Metaphosphoric acid, stabilized
CAS: 37267-86-0 Molecular Formula: HO3P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 79.979 MDL Number: MFCD00011351 InChI Key: UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: metaphosphoric acid,meta-phosphoric acid,hydrogenphosphonate,m-phosphoric acid,phosphenic acid,unii-mtk99r3uv0,metaphosphoric acid hpo3,x-phosphate-group,phosphonate 1-,hydrogen phosphonate PubChem CID: 3084658 SMILES: OP(=O)=O
Hydrobromic acid, for analysis, ca. 48% solution in water
CAS: 10035-10-6 Molecular Formula: BrH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 80.91 MDL Number: MFCD00011323 InChI Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen bromide,hydrobromic acid,bromwasserstoff,broomwaterstof,bromowodor,acido bromidrico,acide bromhydrique,anhydrous hydrobromic acid,bromowodor polish,hydrobromide PubChem CID: 260 ChEBI: CHEBI:47266 IUPAC Name: hydrogen bromide SMILES: Br
Sulfuric acid, 5% v/v aq. soln.
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Oxalic acid, 5% w/v aq. soln.
CAS: 144-62-7 Molecular Formula: C2H2O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.034 MDL Number: MFCD00002573 InChI Key: MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanedioic acid,aktisal,aquisal,oxiric acid,oxalate,oxalsaeure,oxaalzuur,kyselina stavelova,acide oxalique,acido ossalico PubChem CID: 971 ChEBI: CHEBI:16995 IUPAC Name: oxalic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(=O)O)O
Thiodiglycolic acid, 98%
CAS: 123-93-3 Molecular Formula: C4H6O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.148 MDL Number: MFCD00004359 InChI Key: UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: thiodiglycolic acid,2,2'-thiodiacetic acid,thiodiacetic acid,mercaptodiacetic acid,tdga,dicarboxymethyl sulfide,thiodi acetic acid,carboxymethylthio acetic acid,2,2'-thiodiethanoic acid,thiodiglycollic acid PubChem CID: 31277 ChEBI: CHEBI:35012 IUPAC Name: 2-(carboxymethylsulfanyl)acetic acid SMILES: C(C(=O)O)SCC(=O)O
Sulfuric acid, 15% v/v aq. soln.
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Azelaic acid, 96%
CAS: 123-99-9 Molecular Formula: C9H16O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 188.223 MDL Number: MFCD00004432 InChI Key: BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: azelaic acid,finacea,anchoic acid,azelex,lepargylic acid,skinoren,1,7-heptanedicarboxylic acid,heptanedicarboxylic acid,1,9-nonanedioic acid,emerox 1110 PubChem CID: 2266 ChEBI: CHEBI:48131 IUPAC Name: nonanedioic acid SMILES: C(CCCC(=O)O)CCCC(=O)O
Phosphoric acid, extra pure, 85% solution in water
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 MDL Number: MFCD00011340 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O