Citric acid monohydrate serves as a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer, and is widely used across industries as an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant, and buffering agent. It induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HaCaT cells, and can cause oxidative damage to the liver by decreasing antioxidative enzyme activities.
- Natural preservative
- Food tartness enhancer
- Induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells
- Can cause oxidative damage of the liver
- Functions as an acidulant
- Functions as an emulsifier
- Functions as a sequestrant
- Functions as a buffering agent
- Appearance: solid
- Color: white to off-white
- Initial source: *Aspergillus niger*