Primary Human Dermal Blood Endothelial Cells (HDBEC) are a subpopulation of the Human Dermal Endothelial Cells. They are isolated from the dermis of juvenile foreskin and adult skin (different locations) from a single donor.The cells are routinely analyzed by flow cytometric analysis and immunofluorescent staining: they are > 95% CD31 positive and stain positive for von Willebrand factor. In addition, they are > 90% negative for podoplanin and stain negative for smooth muscle specific alpha-actin.Blood Endothelial Cells have a key function in physiological processes like vessel tonus, capillary permeability, blood coagulation, fibrolysis, and angiogenesis. They are also useful for disease studies of atherosclerosis, tumor genesis, and thrombosis.