Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium von Willebrand Factor / Factor VIII Related-Ag (Endothelial Marker) (rVWF/1465), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein that is found in endothelial cells, plasma and platelets. It acts as a carrier protein for Factor VIII and promotes platelet adhesion and aggregation. vWF undergoes a variety of posttranslational modifications that influence the affinity and availability for Factor VIII, including cleavage of the propeptide and formation of N-terminal disulfide bonds. This antibody helps to establish the endothelial nature of some lesions of disputed histogenesis, e.g. Kaposi's sarcoma and cardiac myxoma. It is widely used for differentiating vascular lesions from those of other tissue differentiation within a panel of other vascular markers although not all tumors of endothelial differentiation contain this antigen.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and C
Biotium CELA3B / ELA3B (Pancreatic Function Marker) (CELA3B/1374), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of ~30 kDa, identified as CELA3B (Chymotrypsin like elastase family member 3B). Elastases form a subfamily of serine proteases that hydrolyze many proteins in addition to elastin. Humans have six elastase genes which encode the structurally similar proteins elastase 1, 2, 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B. Unlike other elastases, elastase 3B has little elastolytic activity. Like most of the human elastases, elastase 3B is secreted from the pancreas as a zymogen and, like other serine proteases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein; it has a digestive function in the intestine. Elastase 3B preferentially cleaves proteins after alanine residues. Elastase 3B may also function in the intestinal transport and metabolism of cholesterol. Both elastase 3A and elastase 3B have been referred to as protease E and as elastase 1, and excretion of this protein in fecal material is frequently used as a measure of pancreatic function in clinical assays.Primary antibodie
Biotium MART-1 / Melan-A(MLANA/788), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein doublet of 20-22 kDa, identified as MART-1 (Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T cells 1) or Melan-A. MART-1 is a newly identified melanocyte differentiation antigen recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Seven other melanoma associated antigens recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells include MAGE-1, MAGE-3, tyrosinase, gp100, gp75, BAGE-1, and GAGE-1. Subcellular fractionation shows that MART-1 is present in melanosomes and endoplasmic reticulum. This MAb labels melanomas and other tumors showing melanocytic differentiation. It is also a useful positive-marker for angiomyolipomas. It does not stain tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial, or mesenchymal origin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abu
Biotium Prolactin Receptor (hPRL Receptor)(rPRLR/742), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 70 kDa, identified as prolactin receptor. Prolactin is a pituitary hormone involved in the stimulation of milk production, salt and water regulation, growth, development and reproduction. The initial step in its action is the binding to a specific membrane receptor (prolactin receptor), which belongs to the superfamily of class 1 cytokine receptors. The function of the prolactin receptor is mediated, at least in part, by two families of signaling molecules: Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium CA19-9/Sialyl Lewisa (GI Tumor Marker) (CA19.9/1390R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CA19-9, a carbohydrate epitope expressed on a high MW (>400 kDa) mucin glycoprotein, is a sialyl Lewisa structure which is synthesized from type 1 blood group precursor chains and is present in individuals expressing the Lewisa and/or Lewisb blood group antigens. In normal tissues, sialyl Lewisa antigen is present in ductal epithelium of the breast, kidney, salivary gland, and sweat glands. Its expression is greatly enhanced in serum as well as in the majority of tumor cells in gastrointestinal (GI) carcinomas, including adenocarcinomas of the stomach, intestine, and pancreas. Preoperative elevated CA19-9 levels in patients with stage I pancreatic carcinoma decrease to normal values following surgery. When used serially, CA19-9 can predict recurrence of disease prior to radiographic or clinical findings. This MAb is excellent for staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes an
Biotium Neurofilament (H+L)(NF421 + NFL736), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts with a 200 kDa and 68 kDa protein, identified as heavy and light sub-units of neurofilaments (NF-H & NF-L). Neurofilaments make up the main structural elements of axons and dendrites and are found in neurons, peripheral nerves, and sympathetic ganglion cells. Neurofilaments consist of three major subunits with molecular weights of 68 kDa (NF-L), 160 kDa (NF-M) and 200 kDa (NF-H). Anti-neurofilament stains a number of neural, neuroendocrine, and endocrine tumors. Neuromas, ganglioneuromas, gangliogliomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, and neuroblastomas stain positively for anti-neurofilament. Neurofilaments are also present in paragangliomas as well as adrenal and extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas. Carcinoids, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin, and oat cell carcinomas of the lung also express neurofilament.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photos
Biotium Aurora B (Proliferation Marker)(rAURKB/1592), 0.2mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 39 kDa, which is identified as Aurora kinase B (or Aurora B). Aurora B is a serine/threonine protein kinase and component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. It is important for accurate chromosome segregation, cytokinesis, protein localization to the centromere and kinetochore, correct microtubule-kinetochore attachment, and regulation of the mitotic checkpoint. Aurora B forms a tight complex with inner centrosome protein and survivin. Inactivation of any of these proteins causes similar defects in chromosome segregation. A significant overexpression of Aurora B has been found in a variety of human tumors including non-small cell lung carcinoma, astrocytoma, seminoma and carcinomas of the colon, prostate, endometrium and thyroid. The expression level of Aurora B is associated with cell proliferation and prognosis in these tumors. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with
Biotium MTAP (Tumor Suppressor Marker)(rMTAP/1813), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 31 kDa, which is identified as MTAP (5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase). It catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of methylthioadenosine, which is important in polyamine metabolism and for the salvage of adenine and methionine. The gene encoding MTAP is linked to the tumor suppressor gene, p16INK4A. Deficient levels of MTAP can occur in cancers primarily through co-deletion of the MTAP gene and the p16INK4A gene. Cells expressing MTAP and possessing adenine salvage pathway activity may be less susceptible to malignancy due to growth-inhibitory actions of agents (e. g. antifolates), whose mechanism of action, in part, involves this de novo purine pathway. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b
Biotium Cytochrome C (Mitochondrial Marker)(rCYCS/1010), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes an epitope within amino acids 93-104 of pigeon Cytochrome C, a well-characterized mobile electron transport protein that is essential to energy conversion in all aerobic organisms. In mammalian cells, this highly conserved protein is normally localized to the mitochondrial inter-membrane space. More recent studies have identified cytosolic cytochrome c as a factor necessary for activation of apoptosis. During apoptosis, cytochrome c is trans-located from the mitochondrial membrane to the cytosol, where it is required for activation of caspase-3 (CPP32). Overexpression of Bcl-2 has been shown to prevent the translocation of cytochrome c, thereby blocking the apoptotic process. Overexpression of Bax has been shown to induce the release of cytochrome c and to induce cell death. The release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria is thought to trigger an apoptotic cascade, whereby Apaf-1 binds to Apaf-3 (caspase-9) in a cytochrome c-dependent manner, leading to caspase-9
Biotium Ferritin, Light Chain (Node-Negative Breast Tumor Prognostic Marker)(rFTL/1388), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Mammalian ferritins consist of 24 subunits made up of 2 types of polypeptide chains, ferritin heavy chain and ferritin light chain. Ferritin heavy chains catalyze the first step in iron storage, the oxidation of Fe (II), whereas ferritin light chains promote the nucleation of ferrihydrite, enabling storage of Fe (III). Light chain ferritin is involved in cataracts by at least two mechanisms, hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome, in which light chain ferritin is overexpressed, and oxidative stress, an important factor in the development of ageing-related cataracts. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium FABP5 (Marker of Metastatic Potential in Colorectal Cancer)(FABP5/3750), 1mg/mL
This gene encodes the fatty acid binding protein found in epidermal cells, and was first identified as being upregulated in psoriasis tissue. Fatty acid binding proteins are a family of small, highly conserved, cytoplasmic proteins that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. FABPs may play roles in fatty acid uptake, transport, and metabolism. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with type 2 diabetes. The human genome contains many pseudogenes similar to this locus. FABP5 is also associated with poor survival in triple-negative breast cancer. Additionally, FABP5 gene is upregulated in colorectal cancer cells compared to normal colon cells in a manner that correlates with disease stage and that FABP5 significantly promotes colorectal cancer cell growth and metastatic potential. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjuga
Biotium MSH6 (DNA Mismatch Repair Protein)(MSH6/3086), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The finding that mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes are associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) has resulted in considerable interest in the understanding of the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair. Initially, inherited mutations in the MSH2 and MLH1 homologs of the bacterial DNA mismatch repair genes mutS and mutL were demonstrated at high frequency in HNPCC and were shown to be associated with microsatellite instability. A member of the mismatch repair family, GTBP (also designated MSH6), is an MSH2-related protein that binds to DNA containing G/T mismatches. Findings suggest that the mismatch-binding factor in human cells is composed of a heterodimer of GTBP and MSH2. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targ
Biotium CD6 (Negative Marker of T-regulatory Cells) (C6/2884R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD6 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that contains a 24-amino acid signal sequence, three extracellular scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains, a membrane-spanning domain and a 44-amino acid cytoplasmic domain. The CD6 glycoprotein is tyrosine phosphorylated during TCR-mediated T cell activation. CD6 is present on mature thymocytes, peripheral T cells and a subset of B cells. Antibodies to CD6 are used to deplete T cells from bone marrow transplants to prevent graft versus host disease.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium PAX8 (Renal Cell Marker)(PAX8/2774R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 62 kDa, identified as PAX8. It is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. This nuclear protein is involved in thyroid follicular cell development and expression of thyroid-specific genes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with thyroid dysgenesis, thyroid follicular carcinomas, and atypical thyroid adenomas. PAX-8 is expressed in the thyroid (and associated carcinomas), non-ciliated mucosal cells of the fallopian tubes, and simple ovarian inclusion cysts, but not normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. PAX-8 is expressed in a high percentage of ovarian serous, endometrioid, and clear cell carcinomas, but only rarely in primary ovarian mucinous adenocarcinomas. PAX-8 expression is reported in renal tubules as well as renal cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma, and seminoma. PAX-8 antibody may be used as an additional immunohistochemical marker for renal epithelial tumors. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a
Biotium CD37(IPO-24), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 33-55 kDa, identified as CD37 (Workshop V; Code CD37.7). CD37 is strongly expressed on normal and neoplastic mature (sIg ) B-lymphocytes. In B-cell ontogeny, CD37 appears after the pre-B-cell stage, is maintained during peripheral B-cell development and is lost upon terminal differentiation into plasma cells.1 CD37 is also present, at low densities, on resting and activated T cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and some myelomonocytic leukemia cells. It is absent from platelets, erythrocytes. CD37 is a member of a family of tetraspan transmembrane proteins, including CD9, CD53, CD63, CD81, and CD82. It associates other tetraspan transmembrane proteins and MHC class II molecules to form a large complex at the surface of B cells and play a role in signal transduction. CD37 is a valuable and stable marker for peripheral mature B-cells and corresponding malignancies like B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and all types of B-