Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium GRP94 / HSP90B1(Glucose-Regulated Protein 94) (Endoplasmic Reticulum Marker)(HSP90B1/3168R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 94 kDa, which is identified as the glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) and also tumor rejection antigen (gp96). Grp94 shows a high degree of sequence homology with the heat shock protein 90 (hsp90). This MAb is highly specific to grp94 and shows minimal cross-reaction with other members of the HSP90 family. Grp's are a class of proteins unresponsive to heat shock and are induced by glucose deprivation. Grp94 has been studied as a prognostic factor in breast cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Prohibitin (Mitochondrial Marker)(PHB/3227), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 30 kDa which is identified as Prohibitin, an evolutionarily conserved protein with homologues found in yeast to man. It is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Although prohibitin mRNA and protein expression occurs throughout the cell cycle, maximum levels are detected during the G1/S phase transition and minimum levels are seen in S phase and the G2/mitosis boundary. Prohibitin is located exclusively in the mitochondria with the highest concentration on the inner membrane. Prohibitin is an ideal mitochondrial marker. It shows antiproliferative activity and has been proposed to play a role in normal cell cycle regulation, replicative senescence, cellular immortalization, and tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended fo
Biotium CD20/ MS4A1 (B-Cell Marker)(MS4A1/3411), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 30-33 kDa, which is identified as CD20. It is a non-Ig differentiation antigen of B-cells and its expression is restricted to normal and neoplastic B-cells, being absent from all other leukocytes and tissues. CD20 is expressed by pre-B-cells and persists during all stages of B-cell maturation but is lost upon terminal differentiation into plasma cells. This MAb can be used for immunophenotyping of leukemia and malignant cells, B lymphocyte detection in peripheral blood and B cell localization in tissues. It reacts with the majority of B-cells present in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues and their derived lymphomas. In lymphoid tissue, germinal center blasts and B-immunoblasts are particularly reactive. It is a reliable antibody for ascribing a B-cell phenotype in known lymphoid tissues. Rarely, CD20-positive T-cell lymphomas have been reported. Reactivity has also been noted with Reed-Sternberg cells in cases of Hodgkin's disease, particularly of l
Biotium Dystrophin (DMD) (Marker of Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy)(DMD/3241), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) connects the F-Actin cytoskeleton on the inner surface of muscle fibers to the surrounding extracellular matrix, through the cell membrane interface. A deficiency in this protein contributes to Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophies. The human dystrophin gene measures 2. 4 megabases, has more than 80 exons, produces a 14 kb mRNA and contains at least 8 independent tissue-specific promoters and 2 poly A sites. The dystrophin mRNA can undergo differential splicing and produce a range of transcripts that encode a large set of proteins. Dystrophin represents approximately 0. 002% of total striated muscle protein and localizes to triadic junctions in skeletal muscle, where it is thought to influence calcium ion homeostasis and force transmission. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of bl
Biotium Napsin A (Lung Adenocarcinoma Marker)(NAPSA/3309), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Napsin is a pepsin-like aspartic proteinase connected with maturation of surfactant protein B. There are two closely related napsins, napsin A and napsin B. Napsin A is expressed as a single chain protein. Immunohistochemical studies revealed high expression levels of napsin A in human lung and kidney but low expression in spleen. Napsin A is expressed in type II pneumocytes and in adenocarcinomas of lung. The high specificity expression of napsin A in adenocarcinomas of lung is useful to distinguish primary lung adenocarcinomas from adenocarcinomas of other organs. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium GRP94 / HSP90B1(Glucose-Regulated Protein 94) (Endoplasmic Reticulum Marker)(HSP90B1/3168R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 94 kDa, which is identified as the glucose-regulated protein 94 (grp94) and also tumor rejection antigen (gp96). Grp94 shows a high degree of sequence homology with the heat shock protein 90 (hsp90). This MAb is highly specific to grp94 and shows minimal cross-reaction with other members of the HSP90 family. Grp's are a class of proteins unresponsive to heat shock and are induced by glucose deprivation. Grp94 has been studied as a prognostic factor in breast cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium DOG-1 / TMEM16A (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Marker)(DG1/2831R), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Expression of DOG-1 protein is elevated in the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST's), c-kit signaling-driven mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. DOG-1 is rarely expressed in other soft tissue tumors, which, due to appearance, may be difficult to diagnose. Immunoreactivity for DOG-1 has been reported in 97. 8 percent of scorable GIST's, including all c-kit negative GIST's. Overexpression of DOG-1 has been suggested to aid in the identification of GISTs, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha mutants that fail to express c-kit antigen. The overall sensitivity of DOG1 and c-kit in GIST's is nearly identical: 94. 4% vs. 94. 7%. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can
Biotium Cytokeratin 15 (Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Marker)(KRT15/2957), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Keratin 15 is a type I keratin which is expressed only in basal keratinocytes in stratified epithelia and does not appear to have a natural type II expression partner. Keratin 15 is down regulated in activated keratinocytes. Cytokeratin 15 is a specific marker of stem cells of the hair-follicle bulge and may be a useful marker for diagnosis between basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and trichoepithelioma. Trichoblastoma are benign neoplasms of follicular differentiation frequently found in nevus sebaceous. Many morphologic features are shared with nodular basal cell carcinoma, sometimes rendering a diagnosis difficult. Trichoblastoma and BCC show variable expression of Cytokeratin 15 and Cytokeratin 19, and absence of hair keratins. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for
Biotium CD47 / IAP (Integrin Associated Protein)(CD47/2937), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody reacts with Ig domain of CD47 protein. CD47, originally named integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a 50 kDa protein containing five membrane-spanning sequences and a short cytoplasmic tail. CD47 plays a role in both cell adhesion by acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, and in the modulation of integrins. It is important in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. CD47 may play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Dystrophin (DMD) (Marker of Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy)(DMD/3242), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) connects the F-Actin cytoskeleton on the inner surface of muscle fibers to the surrounding extracellular matrix, through the cell membrane interface. A deficiency in this protein contributes to Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophies. The human dystrophin gene measures 2. 4 megabases, has more than 80 exons, produces a 14 kb mRNA and contains at least 8 independent tissue-specific promoters and 2 poly A sites. The dystrophin mRNA can undergo differential splicing and produce a range of transcripts that encode a large set of proteins. Dystrophin represents approximately 0. 002% of total striated muscle protein and localizes to triadic junctions in skeletal muscle, where it is thought to influence calcium ion homeostasis and force transmission. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of bl
Biotium MUC4 (Mucin 4 / Gastric Mucin)(MUC4/3105), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The major constituents of mucus, the viscous secretion that covers epithelial surfaces such as those in the trachea, colon, and cervix, are highly glycosylated proteins called mucins. These glycoproteins play important roles in the protection of the epithelial cells and have been implicated in epithelial renewal and differentiation. This gene encodes an integral membrane glycoprotein found on the cell surface, although secreted isoforms may exist. MUC-4 transcripts have been detected in normal respiratory epithelium and lung. MUC-4 is a very specific (100%) and sensitive (90%) marker of lung adenocarcinomas and is negative for mesotheliomas. Reportedly, MUC-4 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas is an independent factor for poor prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S an
Biotium Desmoglein-3 (Squamous Cell Marker)(DSG3/2838), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 130 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-3 (DSG3). This MAb is highly specific to Desmoglein-3 and does not cross-react with other members of the Desmoglein-family. DSG3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. Research has shown that DSG3 has a very high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (100%) in recognizing squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). Therefore, DSG3 is considered a very important marker for lung SqCC and can be a useful ancillary marker to separate SqCC from other subtypes of lung cancer. Moreover, studies have shown that DSG3 expression in lung SqCC may indicate a poor prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have low
Biotium AMACR / p504S (Prostate Cancer Marker)(rAMACR/1864), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 42 kDa, which is identified as Alpha-methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR), also known as p504S. It is an enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and -oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism. It is expressed in cells of premalignant high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostate adenocarcinoma. The majority of the carcinoma cells show a distinct granular cytoplasmic staining reaction. AMACR is present at low or undetectable levels in glandular epithelial cells of normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia. A spotty granular cytoplasmic staining is seen in a few cells of the benign glands. AMACR is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular car
Biotium XRCC3(10F1/6), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The x-ray repair cross-complementing (XRCC) proteins are responsible for efficiently repairing and maintaining genetic stability following DNA base damage. These genes share sequence similarity with the yeast DNA repair protein Rad51. XRCC1 is a protein that facilitates the DNA base excision repair pathway by interacting with DNA ligase III and DNA polymerase to repair DNA single-strand breaks. XRCC2 and XRCC3 are both involved in maintaining chromosome stability during cell division. XRCC2 is required for efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination between sister chromatids, and XRCC3 interacts directly with Rad51 to cooperate with Rad51 during recombinational repair. XRCC4 is an accessory factor of DNA Ligase IV that preferentially binds DNA with nicks or broken ends. XRCC4 binds to DNA Ligase IV and enhances its joining activity, and it is also involved in V(D)J recombination. Any defect in one of the known components of the DNA repair/V(D)J re
Biotium TAG-72 / CA72.4 (Tumor-Associated Glycoprotein)(rB72.3), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes an oncofetal antigen of 220 kDa, identified as a tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72) with properties of a mucin. This MAb defines the mucin-carried sialylated-Tn epitope. TAG-72 is usually expressed by adenocarcinomas, but is negative in mesotheliomas. Studies have reported that this antibody has 80% sensitivity and 93% specificity for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Therefore, TAG-72 is a useful marker to distinguish between mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma. However, false positive reactions can occur so results must be interpreted with the utmost caution. This antibody may be useful in the differentiation of non-small cell carcinomas from small cell carcinomas of the lung. The combined use of anti-TAG-72 and anti-GCDFP-15 is valuable in the diagnosis of apocrine carcinoma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluoresc