Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium MART-1 / Melan-A(M2-7C10 + M2-9E3), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein doublet of 20-22 kDa, identified as MART-1 (Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T cells 1) or Melan-A. MART-1 is a newly identified melanocyte differentiation antigen recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Seven other melanoma associated antigens recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells include MAGE-1, MAGE-3, tyrosinase, gp100, gp75, BAGE-1, and GAGE-1. Subcellular fractionation shows that MART-1 is present in melanosomes and endoplasmic reticulum. This MAb labels melanomas and other tumors showing melanocytic differentiation. It is also a useful positive-marker for angiomyolipomas. It does not stain tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial, or mesenchymal origin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abu
Biotium p57 / KIP2(KIP2/880), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 57 kDa, identified as p57Kip2. It shows no cross-reaction with p27Kip1. p57Kip2 is a potent tight-binding inhibitor of several G1 cyclin complexes, and is a negative regulator of cell proliferation. Anti-p57 has been used as an aide in identification of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) (no nuclear labeling of cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells) from partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) in which both cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells stain. The histological differentiation of complete mole, partial mole, and hydropic spontaneous abortion is problematic. Most complete hydatidiform moles are diploid, whereas most partial moles are triploid. Ploidy studies will identify partial moles, but will not differentiate complete moles from non-molar gestations. Complete moles carry a high risk of persistent disease and choriocarcinoma, while partial moles have a very low risk. In normal placenta, many cytotrophoblast nuclei and stromal cells are labeled with this antib
Biotium Cytokeratin 10(LH2), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 56.5 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 10 (CK10). CK10 is expressed in all suprabasal layers of the epidermis. In the epidermis, expression of CK10 strictly parallels the extent of differentiation; it is absent in the basal layer, appears in the first suprabasal layers and increases in concentration towards the granular layer. However, CK10 is rarely detected in early stages of vulvar squamous carcinomas (tumors less than 2 cm, clinical stage I) regardless of the tumor grade. In larger and more advanced tumors (greater than 2 cm, clinical stages II and III), CK10 is detected very frequently. Expression of CK10 is related to maturation of malignant keratinocytes, being preferentially detected in more-differentiated parts.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M
Biotium Prolactin Receptor(PRLR/742), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 70 kDa, identified as prolactin receptor. Prolactin is a pituitary hormone involved in the stimulation of milk production, salt and water regulation, growth, development and reproduction. The initial step in its action is the binding to a specific membrane receptor (prolactin receptor), which belongs to the superfamily of class 1 cytokine receptors. The function of the prolactin receptor is mediated, at least in part, by two families of signaling molecules: Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Cadherin 17 / LI Cadherin (Liver-Intestine Marker)(CDH17/2616), 0.2mg/mL
Cadherin 17, also known as LI cadherin (for liver-intestine cadherin), is a member of the cadherin family of calcium-dependent adhesion molecules. Cadherins mediate cell-cell interactions via hemophilic binding, and are critical to the maintenance of tissue structure and morphogenesis. Cadherins each contain a large extracellular domain at the amino terminus, which is characterized by a series of five homologous repeats, the most distal of which is thought to be responsible for binding specificity. The relatively short carboxy terminal, intracellular domain interacts with a variety of cytoplasmic proteins, including beta-catenin, to regulate cadherin function. Cadherin 17 expression is restricted to liver and intestine tissues and is specifically localized to the basolateral domain of hepatocytes and enterocytes. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. N
Biotium Cadherin 17 / LI Cadherin (Liver-Intestine Marker)(CDH17/2615), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cadherin 17, also known as LI cadherin (for liver-intestine cadherin), is a member of the cadherin family of calcium-dependent adhesion molecules. Cadherins mediate cell-cell interactions via hemophilic binding, and are critical to the maintenance of tissue structure and morphogenesis. Cadherins each contain a large extracellular domain at the amino terminus, which is characterized by a series of five homologous repeats, the most distal of which is thought to be responsible for binding specificity. The relatively short carboxy terminal, intracellular domain interacts with a variety of cytoplasmic proteins, including beta-catenin, to regulate cadherin function. Cadherin 17 expression is restricted to liver and intestine tissues and is specifically localized to the basolateral domain of hepatocytes and enterocytes. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. N
Biotium Gastrin(GAST/2631), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Gastrin, is a hormone that normally formed by mucosal cells in the gastric antrum and by the D cells of the pancreatic islets. Its primary function is to stimulate secretion of HCl by the gastric mucosa. HCl, in turn, inhibits gastrin formation. It also responsible for stimulating smooth muscle contraction and increasing blood circulation and water secretion in the stomach and intestine. Gastrin is regulated by epidermal growth factor in both mice and humans. Gastrin is excreted in excess by pancreatic tumors in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) stimulates the release of gastrin as well as other gastrointestinal hormones and also acts as an autocrine growth factor for certain cell types. High levels of GRP are found in the human lung just after birth and levels decrease thereafter in parallel with the observed disease in a number of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. GRP is known to promote lung tumorigenesis in model systems. Primary antibodies are
Biotium S100A2 / S100 Calcium Binding Protein A2(CPTC-S100A2-2), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
S100A2 belongs to the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100A2 may function as a modulator against excess calcium accumulation in normal human mammary epithelial cells and also have a role in suppressing tumor cell growth. This protein may have a tumor suppressor function. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in breast cancer. Cytoplasmic overexpression may also be of prognostic significance when observed in oral cancer patients, and the S100A2 has also been identified as significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than othe
Biotium Spectrin Alpha 1 (Erythrocyte Marker) (rSPTA1/1833), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. Spectrins function as membrane organizers and stabilizers, composed of non-homologous alpha and beta chains, which aggregate side-to-side in an anti-parallel fashion to form dimers, tetramers and higher polymers. Spectrin alpha I and spectrin beta I are present in erythrocytes, whereas spectrin alpha II (also designated fodrin alpha) and spectrin beta II (also designated fodrin beta) are present in other somatic cells. The spectrin tetramers in erythrocytes act as barriers to lateral diffusion, but spectrin dimers seem to lack this function.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dye
Biotium SOX4 (Master Regulator of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition) (SOX4/2540), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
SOX4 is a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors with a critical role in embryonic development and in cell-fate determination during organogenesis of the heart, pancreas, brain, and in B and T lymphocyte differentiation. SOX4 gene expression is upregulated in many cancer types, and increased SOX4 activity contributes to cellular transformation, cell survival, and metastasis. Gene expression profiling has uncovered SOX4 with upregulated activity during TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in normal and cancerous breast epithelial cells. SOX4 is indispensable for EMT and cell survival in vitro and for primary tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. SOX4 is identified as a master regulator of EMT by governing the expression of the epigenetic modifier Ezh2.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates
Cayman Chemical PulchInosIde A 10mg
A triterpenoid saponin; inhibits NMDA-evoked currents in hippocampal neurons (IC50s = 18.48 and 20.19 μM at -50 and +50 mV, respectively) and inhibits NMDA-induced neuronal cell death at 30 μM; increases the levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, and norepinephrine in the hippocampus and 5-HIAA and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex in mice at 30 and 100 mg/kg; reduces the time spent immobile in the forced swim test in mice at 30 and 100 mg/kg; increases the time spent in the target quadrant of the Morris water maze in mice at 100 mg/kg; reduces infarct volume in an MCAO rat model of ischemia at 12.6 and 25.2 mg/kg; induces relaxation of precontracted isolated rat thoracic aorta and renal, mesenteric, and left coronary arteries in a concentration-dependent manner
Biotium CD73 (Immuno-Oncology Target)(NT5E/2545), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD73 (also designated ecto-5'-nucleotidase, E5NT, NT, NT5, NTE, eN and eNT) is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored adhesion protein that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of extracellular purine and pyrimidine nucleotides to their corresponding bioactive nucleosides. CD73 is a dimer of two identical subunits that depends on GPI to link with the external face of the plasma membrane. Similar to other GPI-anchored proteins, CD73 mediates co-stimulatory signals in T cell activation. CD73 has few structural variants, yet elicits diverse biological function through differential regulation in endothelial cells (EC), subpopulations of B and T cells, germinal center follicular dendritic cells and on thymic medullary reticular fibroblasts. For example, IgG mediated neutralization of CD73 interferes with lymphocyte adhesion to EC, and blocks aggregation of germinal center B cells and follicular dendritic cells. Furthermore, IgG-mediated targeting of lymphocyte CD73, but not of
Biotium Desmoglein-3 (Squamous Cell Marker)(DSG3/2839), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 130 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-3 (DSG3). This MAb is highly specific to Desmoglein-3 and does not cross-react with other members of the Desmoglein-family. DSG3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. Research has shown that DSG3 has a very high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (100%) in recognizing squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). Therefore, DSG3 is considered a very important marker for lung SqCC and can be a useful ancillary marker to separate SqCC from other subtypes of lung cancer. Moreover, studies have shown that DSG3 expression in lung SqCC may indicate a poor prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have low
Biotium Ki-67 (Proliferating Cell Marker)(MKI67/2463), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Ki-67 antigen is a nuclear, non-histone protein that is present in all stages of the cell cycle except G0. This characteristic makes Ki-67 an excellent marker for proliferating cells and is commonly used as one of the prognostic factors in cancer studies. A correlation has been demonstrated between Ki-67 index and the histo-pathological grade of neoplasms. Assessment of Ki-67 expression in renal and ureter tumors shows a correlation between tumor proliferation and disease progression, thus making it possible to differentiate high-risk patients. Ki-67 expression may also prove to be important for distinguishing between malignant and benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ki-67 labeling index has been shown to be a prognostic marker in a number of neoplasms including grade II astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, colon carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. In general, Ki-67 is a good marker of proliferating cell populations. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection o
Biotium C1QA / Complement C1q A-Chain(C1QA/2783), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Complement C1q A Chain (C1qa) is a subunit of C1q. C1q is composed of 6 polypeptide chains each of C1qa, C1qb, and C1qc. C1q is a component of the classical complement pathway, and thereby plays an important role in the immune response. Each C1q subunit contains an N-terminal collagen-like region and a C-terminal C1q globular domain. The presence of receptors for C1q on effector cells modulates its activity, which may be antibody-dependent or independent. Macrophages are the primary source of C1q, while anti-inflammatory drugs as well as cytokines differentially regulate expression of the mRNA as well as the protein. C1q deficiency is associated with lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets,