Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Prolactin Receptor (hPRL Receptor)(rPRLR/742), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 70 kDa, identified as prolactin receptor. Prolactin is a pituitary hormone involved in the stimulation of milk production, salt and water regulation, growth, development and reproduction. The initial step in its action is the binding to a specific membrane receptor (prolactin receptor), which belongs to the superfamily of class 1 cytokine receptors. The function of the prolactin receptor is mediated, at least in part, by two families of signaling molecules: Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium NK1.1 / CD161c / Klrb1c, Mouse(PK136), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
NK1. 1 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein with a C-type lectin domain and is encoded by theKlrb1c/NKR-P1Cgene. It is predominantly expressed as a disulfide-linked homodimer on NK cells however; it is also expressed on NK-T cells, a rare population of T lymphocytes. NK1. 1 is expressed in some mouse strains, including C57BL/6, FVB/N, and NZB, but not AKR, BALB/c, CBA/J, C3H, DBA/1, DBA/2, NOD, SJL, and 129. Expression of NKR-P1C antigen has been correlated with lysis of tumor cells in vitro and rejection of bone marrow allograftsin vivo. NK-1. 1 has also been shown to play a role in NK cell activation, IFN- production, and cytotoxic granule release. NK-1. 1 is commonly used as a mouse NK cell marker. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abu
Biotium Galectin-1 / Human Placental Lactogen (hPL) (GAL1/1831), 0.2mg/mL
Galectin-1 is a member of the beta-galactoside-binding family and is a dimeric protein of 14 kD participating in a variety of normal and pathological processes, including cancer progression. Galectin-1 can affect the proliferation of normal and malignant cells. Inhibition of cell growth is observed in a lactose-dependent manner as lower concentrations of the lectin stimulate cell proliferation. Galectin-1 may also be implicated in the induction of apoptosis of activated T cells through the binding of exogenous galectin-1 to CD45 molecules present on the surface of lymphocytes. Galectin-1, reported to be present either at the surface of cancer cells or accumulated around these cells could act as an immunological shield to protect against a T cell immune response and provide an advantage for survival.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates
Biotium S100A (Melanoma Marker) (S1/61), 0.2mg/mL
S100A and S100B proteins are two members of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins. S100A is composed of an alpha and a beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. This antibody is specific against an epitope located on the alpha-chain (i.e. in S-100A and S-100B) but not on the beta-chain of S-100 (i.e. in S-100B). This antibody can be used to localize S-100A in various tissue sections. S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands. Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X are positive for S-100 protein.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF
Biotium TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) (Thyroid Marker)(TPO/1921), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Thyroperoxidase (TPO) is a 933 amino acid, type I transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a key role in thyroid gland function and autoimmunity. It is present as a dimer on the apical surface of thyroid follicular cells. TPO functions in the iodination of tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin and phenoxy-ester formation between pairs of iodinated tyrosines to generate the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Mutations in this gene are associated with several disorders of thyroid hormonogenesis, including congenital hypothyroidism, congenital goiter, and thyroid hormone organification defect IIA. Malignant thyroid tumors exhibit an anomaly in TPO resulting in lower affinity for anti-TPO. This antibody may aid in the differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid tumors. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluores
Biotium Cytokeratin, Multi (Epithelial Marker)(rKRT/457), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Twenty human keratins are resolved with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis into acidic (pI 6. 0) subfamilies. This antibody recognizes acidic (Type I or LMW) and basic (Type II or HMW) cytokeratins, including 59 kDa (CK4); 58 kDa (CK5); 56 kDa (CK6); 52 kDa (CK8); 56. 5 kDa (CK10); 53 kDa (CK13) and 45 kDa (CK18). This is a broad-spectrum antibody, which has been reported to differentiate epithelial tumors from non-epithelial tumors. Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium AMACR / p504S (Prostate Cancer Marker) (AMACR/1723), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 42 kDa, which is identified as Alpha-methylacyl-CoA Racemase (AMACR), also known as p504S. It is an enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism. It is expressed in cells of premalignant high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostate adenocarcinoma. The majority of the carcinoma cells show a distinct granular cytoplasmic staining reaction. AMACR is present at low or undetectable levels in glandular epithelial cells of normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia. A spotty granular cytoplasmic staining is seen in a few cells of the benign glands. AMACR is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular
Biotium CD45RB (B-Cell Marker)(N/A), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD45R, also designated CD45 and PTPRC, has been identified as a transmembrane glycoprotein, broadly expressed among hematopoietic cells. Multiple isoforms of CD45R are distributed throughout the immune system according to cell type. These isoforms arise because of alternative splicing of exons 4, 5, and 6. The corresponding protein domains are characterized by the binding of monoclonal antibodies specific for CD45RA (exon 4), CD45RB (exon 5), CD45RC (exon 6) and CD45RO (exons 4 to 6 spliced out). The variation in these isoforms is localized to the extracellular domain of CD45R, while the intracellular domain is conserved. CD45RB is expressed on mature B-lymphocytes and the majority of lymphomas and leukemias of B-cell origin. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for
Biotium ETS1 (Marker of Tumor Metastasis)(ETS1/1801), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ETS1 proto-oncogene is an important transcription factor that plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation. ETS1 is related to the growth of carcinoma cells by its regulation of the transcription of matrix metalloproteinases and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The processes of tumor invasion and metastasis depend on the increased proteolytic activity of the invading tumor cells that may involve matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins B and D and plasminogen activator in the metastatic cascade. ETS1 is preferentially expressed in lymphoid cells, where it is essential for the maintenance of the normal pool of resting T and B cells. ETS1 expression level and distribution are differentially controlled in resting, activated and apoptotic lymphocytes. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S a
Biotium Epstein-Barr Virus (LMP-1)(CS1-4), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody is a mixture of four different monoclonal antibodies. This antibody is specific to 60 kDa latent membrane protein (LMP-1) encoded by the BNLF1 gene of the EBV. Each clone reacts with different epitopes on the hydrophilic C-terminus of the cytoplasmic domain of LMP-1. This antibody stains strongly with EBV-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines and EBV infected B cell immunoblasts in infectious mononucleosis. EBV, also designated human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a member of the herpesvirus family and is one of the most common human viruses. EBV infects B cells and, though often asymptomatic, it can cause infectious mononucleosis, a disease characterized by fatigue, fever, sore throat and muscle soreness. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low
Biotium CD10 (Membrane Metalloendopeptidase) (MME/1893), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD10 (also known as Common Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA)) is a type II transmembrane protein. It is a cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity, which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. CD10 is expressed on the cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitt's, and follicular germinal center lymphomas, and on cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). It is also expressed on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium gp100 / Melanosome / PMEL17 / SILV (Melanoma Marker)(N/A), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize melanoma-associated antigens, which belong to three main groups. These groups include tumor-associated testis-specific antigens, melanocyte differentiation antigens and mutated or aberrantly expressed antigens, which are routinely used as markers to identify melanomas based on their binding to specific monoclonal antibodies. gp100, also designated ME20-M, ME20-S and PMEL 17, is classified as a melanocyte differentiation antigen and is expressed at low levels in normal cell lines and tissues, but is upregulated in melanocytes. gp100 is a highly glycosylated protein. It is also the product of proteolytic cleavage, which results in a secreted protein.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b
Biotium ENAH / MENA (Actin Regulator)(ENAH/1988), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
MENA (mammalian enabled protein) is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, and accumulates at focal adhesions. MENA is highly expressed in the developing nervous system and may be involved in growth cone motility and axon guidance. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Elastin (ELN) (Marker of Arterial Stiffness and Atherosclerosis) (ELN/1981), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Elastin is a polymeric protein and is the main component of the extracellular matrix of arteries. It is synthesized and secreted as a soluble, single-chain protein (tropoelastin), which undergoes a number of post-translational modifications prior to its organization into an elastic fiber in the extracellular space. Elastin performs a regulatory function during arterial development by controlling proliferation of smooth muscle and stabilizing arterial structure. It imparts elasticity to the connective tissue. During aging, the elasticity of connective tissue is reduced because of the cross-linking of collagenous fibers with elastin. The abnormal accumulation of elastic tissue in blood vessels is found in atherosclerosis and hypertension.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recom
Biotium Chromogranin A / CHGA (Neuroendocrine Marker) (rCHGA/798), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes