Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium BCL10 (MALT-Lymphoma Marker) (BL10/2988R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 (BCL10) is a signaling protein that promotes apoptosis, pro-caspase-9 maturation, and activation of NF-kappa-B via NIK and IKK. BCL10 contains an N-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD), which is found in a number of apoptotic regulatory molecules. BCL10 is involved in the adaptive immune response, and may be an adapter protein between upstream TNFR1-TRADD-RIP complex and the downstream NIK-IKK-IKAP complex. A BCL10 translocation is recurrent in low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma).Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium TRAcP (Tartarate Resistant Acid Phosphatase)(ACP5/1070), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 35 kDa, which is identified as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP). It exists as two isoforms (5a and 5b). This MAb reacts with both the isoforms. Serum TRAcP 5a is secreted by macrophages and dendritic cells and increased in many patients of rheumatoid arthritis.Serum TRAcP 5b is produced from osteoclasts and elevated during bone resorption. TRAcP is an iron containing glycoprotein, which catalyzes the conversion of orthophosphoric monoester to alcohol and orthophosphate. It is the most basic of the acid phosphatases and is the only form not inhibited by L( )-tartrate. TRAcP is synthesized as a latent proenzyme and is activated by proteolytic cleavage and reduction. Normally, TRAcP is highly expressed by osteoclasts, activated macrophages, neurons and endometrium during pregnancy. Expression of TRAcP is increased in certain pathological conditions such as Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosis (Hairy Cell Leukemia), Gaucher's Disease, HI
Biotium Nuclear Antigen (Pan-Nuclear Marker) (NM2984R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb is an excellent marker for all nuclei in cells in tissues. It is a part of a new panel of reagents, which recognizes subcellular organelles or compartments of cells. These markers may be useful in identification of these organelles in cells, tissues, and biochemical preparations. This MAb recognizes an antigen associated with the nuclei in all cells. It can be used to stain the nuclei in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a nuclear marker in subcellular fractions. It produces a speckled pattern in normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nuclei of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. It can also be used with paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissue or cell preparations.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundan
Biotium SMAD4 (Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Marker)(SMAD4/2524), 0.2mg/mL
Signaling from the ligand-activated membrane receptor serine/threonine kinases to nuclear targets is mediated by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as DPC4. Upon ligand binding, the receptors of the TGF- family phosphorylate SMAD proteins (SMAD1 and SMAD2). These proteins then move into the nucleus, where they activate transcription. To carry out this function, the receptor activated SMAD1 and 2 require association with the product of deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4 (DPC4), also known as SMAD4. SMAD4/DPC4 is also implicated as a tumor suppressor, since it is inactivated in more than half of pancreatic carcinomas and to a lesser extent in a variety of other cancers. SMAD4 is absent in approximately 80% of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but rarely in endometrial, colorectal, ovarian, lung, breast adenocarcinomas, and malignant melanom. SMAD4 is an important marker for confirming a diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Biotium Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prognostic Marker for Lung SqCC)(CPTC-PRDX4-2), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The peroxiredoxin (PRX) family comprises six antioxidant proteins, PRX I, II, III, IV, V and VI, which protect cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) by preventing the metal-catalyzed oxidation of enzymes. The PRX proteins primarily utilize thioredoxin as the electron donor for antioxidation, although they are fairly promiscuous with regard to the hydroperoxide substrate. In addition to protection from ROS, peroxiredoxins are also involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and gene expression. PRX I, II, IV and VI show diffuse cytoplasmic localization, while PRX III and V exhibit distinct mitochondrial localization. The human PRX IV gene is expressed in many tissues. It exists as a precursor protein, which is only detected in testis, and aprocessed secreted form. PRX IV is highly expressed in lung cancer and is necessary for the promotion of lung cancer in vitro. Studies have demonstrated that PRX IV positive expression is significantly correlated with recurrences and
Biotium NKX6.1 (Marker for Pancreatic and Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors) (NKX61/2561), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Members of the Nkx family of homeodomain proteins are key regulators of growth and development in several tissues, including brain, heart and pancreas. During neural development, sonic hedgehog (Shh) is known to control cell fate and mitogenesis, which is correlated with Shh dose-dependent expression of several genes, including Nkx-6.1. Specifically, Nkx-6.1 is responsible for cellular differentiation in the ventral neural tube and spinal meninges in response to Shh. In the pancreas, Nkx-6.1 is exclusively expressed in the islets of Langerhans in differentiating and mature B cells, which produce Insulin. The presence of Pdx-1 is required for the expression of Nkx-6.1 as well as other pancreatic B cell specific genes, including Insulin, Glut2 and IAPP. Subsequently, Nkx-6.1 binds to the DNA consensus sequence, TTAATTAC, to direct the repression of specific genes in B cells.Nkx6.1 is highly expressed in pancreatic and duodenal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETS) and i
Biotium Ezrin / p81(CPTC-Ezrin-1), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Ezrin, Moesin and Radixin belong to a family of highly homologous actin-associated proteins that are localized just beneath the plasma membrane. The proteins are believed to be involved in the mediation of interactions between cytoskeletal and membrane proteins. Ezrin serves as a major cytoplasmic substrate of various protein-tyrosine kinases, including the epidermal growth factor receptor. Ezrin has also been identified as a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) anchoring protein and designated AKAP78. Moesin and Radixin share over 70% homology with Ezrin and are co-expressed within various cell types. Despite the high degree of homology, the three proteins exhibit a distinct receptor-specific pattern of phosphorylation. Overexpression of Ezrin predicts the poor prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates
Biotium Cystatin A(CSTA/2882), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins, and kininogens. This gene encodes a stefin that functions as a cysteine protease inhibitor, forming tight complexes with papain and the cathepsins B, H, and L. The protein is one of the precursor proteins of cornified cell envelope in keratinocytes and plays a role in epidermal development and maintenance. Stefins have been proposed as prognostic and diagnostic tools for cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detectin
Biotium MMP9 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9)(MMP9/2477), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of peptidase enzymes responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix components, including collagen, gelatin, fibronectin, laminin and proteoglycan. Transcription of MMP genes is differentially activated by phorbol ester, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). MMP catalysis requires both calcium and zinc. MMP-9 (also designated 92 kDa type IV collagenase or gelatinase B) has been shown to degrade bone collagens in concert with MMP-1 (also designated interstitial collagenase, fibroblast collagenase or collagenase-1), and cysteine proteases and may play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. MMP-1 is down-regulated by p53, and abnormality of p53 expression may contribute to joint degradation in rheumatoid arthritis by regulating MMP-1 expression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photo
Biotium TRAF1 (TNFR-Associated Factor 1) (Lymphomatoid Papulosis Marker)(TRAF1/2770), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 52 kDa, which is identified as TNFR1 (TNFR-associated factor 1). CD30-positive lymphoproliferations of the skin comprise 30% of all primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). Besides borderline cases this group includes lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (cALCL). Although the two entities overlap clinically, histopathologically, immunopathologically and genetically, they differ considerably in their prognosis. In particular, common feature of both cases is histologically the presence of atypical lymphoid CD30-positive T blasts and genetically a clonal T-cell-receptor rearrangement. However, both cases differ considerably in their clinical course: Lesions of LyP regress spontaneously, whereas those of cALCL persist and may progress and spread. Moreover, LyP patients do not benefit from an aggressive radio- and/or chemotherapeutic approach, in contrast to patients with cALCL. Besides, LyP and cAL
Biotium Calretinin / Calbindin 2 (Mesothelioma Marker)(CALB2/2603), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Calretinin (also known as Calbindin 2) is a member of the troponin C superfamily. Proteins in this family have 6 EF-hand domains which bind to calcium. Calretinin is a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein involved in calcium signaling. It is present in subsets of neurons throughout the brain and spinal chord, including sensory ganglia. Antibodies to calretinin are useful in differentiating mesothelioma from adenocarcinomas of the lung. They can also aid in differentiating adrenal cortical neoplasms from pheochromocytomas. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium CD44v3 (Marker of Tumor Metastasis)(3G5), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes an epitope encoded by exon v3 on the variant portion of human CD44. The CD44 molecule belongs to a family of cellular adhesion molecules found on a wide range of normal and malignant cells in epithelial, mesothelial and hemopoiesis tissues. CD44 is a single gene with 20 exons, of which 10 are normally expressed to encode the basic CD44 (H-CAM) molecule. The additional 10 exons (v1 to v10) are only expressed by alternative splicing of the nuclear RNA. The expression of specific cell adhesion molecule CD44 splice variants has been reported to be associated with metastasis in certain human malignancies. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-spe