Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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o-Phosphoric Acid, 85.0% min., ACS, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O
Boric acid, Puratronic™, 99.9995% (metals basis)
CAS: 10043-35-3 Molecular Formula: BH3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 61.83 MDL Number: MFCD00011337 InChI Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoboric acid,boracic acid,borofax,boron hydroxide,boron trihydroxide,three elephant,basilit b,trihydroxyborone,h3bo3,flea prufe PubChem CID: 7628 ChEBI: CHEBI:33118 IUPAC Name: boric acid SMILES: OB(O)O
Citric acid, ≥99.5%, ACS reagent, anhydrous
CAS: 77-92-9 Molecular Formula: C6H8O7 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 192.12 MDL Number: MFCD00011669 InChI Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy PubChem CID: 311 ChEBI: CHEBI:30769 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
Trifluoroacetic Acid, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 IUPAC Name: trifluoroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
Succinic acid, ACS, ≥99%, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 110-15-6 Molecular Formula: C4H6O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 118.09 MDL Number: MFCD00002789 InChI Key: KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: succinic acid,amber acid,asuccin,dihydrofumaric acid,bernsteinsaure,katasuccin,wormwood acid,succinate,ethylenesuccinic acid,1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid PubChem CID: 1110 ChEBI: CHEBI:15741 IUPAC Name: butanedioic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CCC(O)=O
L-(-)-Malic acid, 97%
CAS: 97-67-6 Molecular Formula: C4H6O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 134.087 MDL Number: MFCD00064213 InChI Key: BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N Synonym: l-malic acid,l---malic acid,s-2-hydroxysuccinic acid,2s-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid,l--malic acid,apple acid,--malic acid,l-apple acid,s-malic acid,s-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid PubChem CID: 222656 ChEBI: CHEBI:30797 IUPAC Name: (2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: C(C(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O
Selenous acid, 97%
CAS: 7783-00-8 Molecular Formula: H2O3Se Molecular Weight (g/mol): 128.98 MDL Number: MFCD00011331 InChI Key: MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: selenious acid,selenious acid h2seo3,monohydrated selenium dioxide,unii-f6a27p4q4r,selenium dioxide, monohydrated,ccris 5530,selenious acid usp,selenious acid,selenous acid,monohydrated selenium dioxide,selenium, reference standard solution PubChem CID: 1091 ChEBI: CHEBI:26642 IUPAC Name: selenous acid SMILES: O[Se](O)=O
Trichloroacetic acid, 99%, extra pure
CAS: 76-03-9 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 163.39 MDL Number: MFCD00004177 InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trichloroacetic acid,trichloroethanoic acid,aceto-caustin,trichloroacetic acid,acetic acid, trichloro,trichloressigsaeure,konesta,acide trichloracetique,acido tricloroacetico,amchem grass killer PubChem CID: 6421 ChEBI: CHEBI:30956 IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)O
Ricca Chemical Company Sulfuric Acid, 0.0500 N (N/20), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: H2O4S MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
Selenious acid, 99.999%, (trace metal basis)
CAS: 7783-00-8 Molecular Formula: H2O3Se Molecular Weight (g/mol): 128.98 MDL Number: MFCD00011331 InChI Key: MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: selenious acid,selenious acid h2seo3,monohydrated selenium dioxide,unii-f6a27p4q4r,selenium dioxide, monohydrated,ccris 5530,selenious acid usp,selenious acid,selenous acid,monohydrated selenium dioxide,selenium, reference standard solution PubChem CID: 1091 ChEBI: CHEBI:26642 IUPAC Name: selenous acid SMILES: O[Se](O)=O
Citric Acid, Anhydrous, 99.5 to 100.5%, ACS, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 77-92-9 Molecular Formula: C6H8O7 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 192.12 MDL Number: MFCD00011669 InChI Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy PubChem CID: 311 ChEBI: CHEBI:30769 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
L-(+)-Tartaric acid, 99%
CAS: 87-69-4 Molecular Formula: C4H6O6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09 MDL Number: MFCD00064207 InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: l-tartaric acid,l-+-tartaric acid,l +-tartaric acid,2r,3r-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid,tartaric acid,2r,3r-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid,r,r-tartaric acid,#NAME?,dextrotartaric acid,l-threaric acid PubChem CID: 444305 ChEBI: CHEBI:15671 IUPAC Name: (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
Tartronic acid, 97%
CAS: 80-69-3 Molecular Formula: C3H4O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 120.06 MDL Number: MFCD00004237 InChI Key: ROBFUDYVXSDBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: tartronic acid,hydroxymalonic acid,2-hydroxymalonic acid,propanedioic acid, hydroxy,tartronicacid,2-tartronic acid,hydroxypropanedioic acid,2-hydroxymalonate,malonic acid, hydroxy,hydroxymalonate PubChem CID: 45 ChEBI: CHEBI:16513 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanedioic acid SMILES: C(C(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O
Adipic Dihydrazide 99.0+%, TCI America™
CAS: 1071-93-8 Molecular Formula: C6H14N4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 174.20 MDL Number: MFCD00007614 InChI Key: IBVAQQYNSHJXBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: adipic dihydrazide,adipohydrazide,adipic acid dihydrazide,hexanedioic acid, dihydrazide,adipyl hydrazide,hexanediohydrazide,adipic acid, dihydrazide,adipodihydrazide,hexanedioic acid, 1,6-dihydrazide,unii-vk98i9yw5m PubChem CID: 66117 IUPAC Name: hexanedihydrazide SMILES: NNC(=O)CCCCC(=O)NN
(R)-(-)-Mandelic acid, 99%
CAS: 611-71-2 Molecular Formula: C8H8O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 152.15 MDL Number: MFCD00064251 InChI Key: IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-SSDOTTSWSA-N Synonym: r-mandelic acid,r---mandelic acid,d-mandelic acid,r-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid,--mandelic acid,d--mandelic acid,d---mandelic acid,2r-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid,r-alpha-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,d-2-phenylglycolic acid PubChem CID: 11914 ChEBI: CHEBI:17656 IUPAC Name: (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid SMILES: O[C@@H](C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1