Citric acid monohydrate is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer, widely used as an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant, and buffering agent. It induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HaCaT cells and has been shown to cause oxidative damage of the liver by decreasing antioxidative enzyme activities.
- Natural preservative and food tartness enhancer
- Induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells
- Causes oxidative damage of the liver by decreasing antioxidative enzyme activities
- Functions as an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant, and buffering agent
- Shows antiproliferative activity in a dose-dependent manner (in vitro)
- Induces apoptosis by increasing caspase-3 activity in mouse hepatocytes (in vivo)