Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Alkaline Phosphatase (Placental) / PLAP (Germ Cell Tumor Marker)(ALPP/516), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody reacts with placental alkaline phosphatase. There are at least four distinct but related alkaline phosphatases: intestinal, placental (PLAP), placental-like, and liver/bone/kidney (tissue non-specific). The first three are located together on chromosome 2, while the tissue non-specific form is located on chromosome 1. PLAP is a tissue specific, trophoblast-derived, 70 kDa, glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored, dimeric, zinc metallo-glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphomonoesters into an inorganic phosphate and an alcohol. It is present in the placenta and serum of pregnant women and in high frequency in gynecological and testicular cancers and in lower frequency in other tumors. The three tissue-specific AP's in humans, PLAP, germ cell AP (GCAP) and intestinal AP, are 90-98% homologous. Non-tissue specific AP is found in kidney, liver and bone. This MAb binds equally well to all common allelic variants (S, F, FS and I) of PLAP and to some
Biotium LMO2 (B-Cell Marker)(rLMO2/1971), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The LMO2 protein has a central and crucial role in hematopoietic development and is highly conserved. It has a particular function in normal and lymphatic endothelial cells involving the regulation of angiogenesis and lymph-angiogenesis. Immunohistochemical studies have also demonstrated expression of LMO2 in both normal germinal center B-cells and germinal center-derived B-cell lymphomas, including follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The use of anti-LMO2 is valuable as a tool in the identification of lymphomas of B-cell origin. LMO2 is useful in differentiating follicular lymphoma (LMO2 ) from nodal marginal zone lymphoma (LM02-). It also is positive in Hodgkin's and Burkitt's lymphomas. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abun
Biotium ATRX / RAD54 (Alpha Thalassemia Mental Retardation) (39f), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ATRX is a member of the Snf2 family of helicase/ATPases, which contribute to the remodeling of the nucelosome structure in an ATP-dependent manner, and facilitate the initiation of transcription and replication. Structurally, ATRX contains a PHD zinc finger motif. ATRX is regulated throughout the cell cycle where it is differentially distributed within the nucleus. During interphase, ATRX predominately associates with the nuclear matrix, while during mitosis, ATRX localizes with condensed chromatin. At the onset of M phase, phosphorylation rapidly induces this redistribution of ATRX to the short arms of human acrocentric chromosomes, where it then specifically complexes with heterochromatin protein 1 to mediate chromosomal segregation. Mutations in the ATRX gene correlate with a high incidence of severe X-linked form of syndromal mental retardation associated with alpha-thalassemia or ATRX syndrome. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent
Biotium MTAP (Tumor Suppressor Marker)(rMTAP/1813), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 31 kDa, which is identified as MTAP (5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase). It catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of methylthioadenosine, which is important in polyamine metabolism and for the salvage of adenine and methionine. The gene encoding MTAP is linked to the tumor suppressor gene, p16INK4A. Deficient levels of MTAP can occur in cancers primarily through co-deletion of the MTAP gene and the p16INK4A gene. Cells expressing MTAP and possessing adenine salvage pathway activity may be less susceptible to malignancy due to growth-inhibitory actions of agents (e. g. antifolates), whose mechanism of action, in part, involves this de novo purine pathway. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b
Biotium CD20 / MS4A1 (B-Cell Marker)(L26 + IGEL/773), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 30-33 kDa, which is identified as CD20. Its epitope is located in the cytoplasmic domain of CD20 and was, therefore, ascribed as CD20cy in the 5th Workshop. CD20 is a non-Ig differentiation antigen of B-cells and its expression is restricted to normal and neoplastic B-cells, being absent from all other leukocytes and tissues. CD20 is expressed by pre B-cells and persists during all stages of B-cell maturation but is lost upon terminal differentiation into plasma cells. This MAb can be used for immunophenotyping of leukemia and malignant cells, B lymphocyte detection in peripheral blood and B cell localization in tissues. It reacts with the majority of B-cells present in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues and their derived lymphomas. In lymphoid tissue, germinal center blasts and B-immunoblasts are particularly reactive. It is a reliable antibody for ascribing a B-cell phenotype in known lymphoid tissues. Rarely, CD20-positive T-cell ly
Biotium Androgen Receptor(DHTR/882), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 110 kDa, which is identified as androgen receptor (AR). It reacts with full length, and the newly described A form of the receptor. It does not cross react with estrogen, progesterone, or glucocorticoid receptors. AR functions as a steroid-hormone activated transcription factor. Upon binding the hormone ligand, the receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and then stimulates transcription of androgen responsive genes. The expression of AR is reportedly inversely correlated with histologic grade; ie, well differentiated prostate tumors show higher expression than the poorly differentiated tumors. In prostate cancer, AR has been proposed as a marker of hormone-responsiveness and thus it may be useful in identifying patients likely to benefit from anti-androgen therapy. Anti-androgen receptor has been useful clinically in differentiating morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (mBCC) from desmoplastic
Biotium S100A2 / S100 Calcium Binding Protein A2(CPTC-S100A2-2), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
S100A2 belongs to the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100A2 may function as a modulator against excess calcium accumulation in normal human mammary epithelial cells and also have a role in suppressing tumor cell growth. This protein may have a tumor suppressor function. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in breast cancer. Cytoplasmic overexpression may also be of prognostic significance when observed in oral cancer patients, and the S100A2 has also been identified as significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than othe
Biotium ENAH / MENA (Actin Regulator)(ENAH/1988), 1mg/mL
MENA (mammalian enabled protein) is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, and accumulates at focal adhesions. MENA is highly expressed in the developing nervous system and may be involved in growth cone motility and axon guidance. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium TSH-Receptor, A-Chain (Thyroid Marker) (TSHRA/1401), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, also known as thyrotropin) is a glycoprotein involved in the control of thyroid structure and metabolism, which stimulates the release of the thyroid hormones. TSH is regulated by thyroid hormone (T3) and various retinoid compounds. TSH binds to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), which is cleaved into two subunits, A and B, and plays a major role in regulating thyroid function. The third cytoplasmic loop of TSHR has been identified as critical for its role in regulating inositol phosphate and cAMP formation. In Graves disease, an autoimmune disorder, TSHR is activated by autoantibodies, which may be stimulated by the cleavage of the A and B subunits.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targe
Biotium Clathrin, Light Chain (CLC/1421), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes proteins of 31-44 kDa, which are identified as Clathrin Light Chains (both A & B). Clathrin is composed of three heavy chains and three light chains, which associate non-covalently to form a triskelion structure. Clathrin light chain regulates the self-assembly of triskelions onto intracellular membranes. Clathrin light chain subunits (LCA and LCB) contribute to regulation of coated vesicle formation to sort proteins during receptor-mediated endocytosis and organelle biogenesis. LCA and LCB are encoded by two discrete genes. They share only 60% homology, and have certain features in common. Both LCA and LCB undergo alternative mRNA splicing, which results in the generation of tissue-specific isoforms.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for
Biotium TCL1 (T-Cell Marker)(TCL1/2079), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma Protein 1A (TCL-1A), also known as p14TCL1 is a product of the TCL1 gene that is involved in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL). T-PLL is a rare form of mature T-cell leukemia, which is consistently associated with chromosomal rearrangements characterized by the juxtaposition of the TCRA locus on chromosome 14q11 and the TCL1A gene on 14q32. 13. TCL1 is overexpressed in Burkitt lymphoma, the majority of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma-designated immunoblastic plasmacytoid lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have
Biotium HSV1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type I) ICP8(HSVI/2045), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The antibody reacts with HSV type 1 specific antigen. It is suitable for detection of HSV in human cellular material obtained from superficial lesions or biopsies and for the early identification of HSV in infected tissue cultures. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) (also known as cold sore, night fever or fever blister) is a virus that causes a contagious disease. There are two main types of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), 1 and 2. The HSV-1 strain generally appears in the orafacial organs. HSV2 usually resides in the sacral ganglion at the base of the spine. All herpes viruses are morphologically identical: they have a large double-stranded DNA genome and the virion consists of an icosahedral nucleo-capsid, which is surrounded by a lipid bilayer envelope. ICP8, the HSV1 encoded single-strand DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein, is the major DNA binding protein of HSV1. ICP8 promotes single-stranded DNA to assemble into a homologous duplex plasmid producing a displacement loop. At higher concent
Biotium Heregulin-1 / Neuregulin-1 (Breast and Urothelial Marker)(NRG1/2710), 1mg/mL
Heregulin-1 is a membrane glycoprotein that mediates cell-cell signaling and plays a critical role in the growth and development of multiple organ systems. An extraordinary variety of different isoforms are produced from this gene through alternative promoter usage and splicing. These isoforms are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and differ significantly in their structure, and are classified as types I, II, III, IV, V and VI. Dysregulation of this gene has been linked to diseases such as cancer, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder (BPD). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium C1QA / Complement C1q A-Chain(C1QA/2783), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Complement C1q A Chain (C1qa) is a subunit of C1q. C1q is composed of 6 polypeptide chains each of C1qa, C1qb, and C1qc. C1q is a component of the classical complement pathway, and thereby plays an important role in the immune response. Each C1q subunit contains an N-terminal collagen-like region and a C-terminal C1q globular domain. The presence of receptors for C1q on effector cells modulates its activity, which may be antibody-dependent or independent. Macrophages are the primary source of C1q, while anti-inflammatory drugs as well as cytokines differentially regulate expression of the mRNA as well as the protein. C1q deficiency is associated with lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets,
Biotium Glypican-3 (GPC3) (Hepatocellular Carcinoma Marker) (rGPC3/863), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a glycosylphospatidyl inositol-anchored membrane protein, which may also be found in secreted form. Anti-GPC3 has been identified as a useful tumor marker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hepatoblastoma, melanoma, testicular germ cell tumors, and Wilm s tumor. In patients with HCC, GPC3 is overexpressed in neoplastic liver tissue and elevated in serum, but is undetectable in normal liver, benign liver, and the serum of healthy donors. GPC3 expression is also found to be higher in HCC liver tissue than in cirrhotic liver or liver with focal lesions such as dysplastic nodules and areas of hepatic adenoma (HA) with malignant transformation. In the context of testicular germ cell tumors, GPC3 expression is up regulated in certain histologic subtypes, specifically yolk sac tumors and choriocarcinoma. A high level of GPC3 expression is also found in some types of embryonal tumors, such as Wilm s tumor and hepatoblastoma, with a low or undete