Activate the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) pathway and subsequently alter gene expression with All-Trans Retinoic Acid (Apfel et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1992; Chambon. FASEB J, 1996). This Vitamin A derivative promotes the differentiation of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells to motor neurons (Dimos et al. Science, 2008, Wichterle et al. Cell, 2002); promotes the differentiation of neural stem cells to neurons (Takahashi et al. J Neurobiol, 1999); and promotes terminal differentiation of granulocytes (Collins. Leukemia, 2006). All-Trans Retinoic Acid is also used to differentiate mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into adipocytes (Dani et al. J Cell Sci, 1997) and ventricular cardiomyocytes (Wobus et al. J Mol Cell Cardiol, 1997). All-Trans Retinoic Acid is supplied as a crystalline solid with ≥98% purity; Molecular weight 300.4 g/mol; CAS Number 302-79-4. Visit STEMCELL.com for more information and related products.