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Description
Ampicillin trihydrate is a β-lactam antibiotic with an amino group side chain attached to the penicillin structure. It is a penicillin derivative that inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis (peptidoglycan cross-linking) by inactivating transpeptidases on the inner surface of the bacterial cell membrane.
- Inactivated by beta-lactamases; therefore, a beta-lactamase inhibitor should be considered when using ampicillin
- Antimicrobial spectrum: gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
- Against gram-positive bacteria, ampicillin has a similar mode of action as benzylpenicillin
- Against gram-negative bacteria, it has a similar mode of action as chloramphenicol and tetracyclines
- Bactericidal only to growing E. coli. Inhibits cell wall synthesis via cleavage of β-lactam ring of ampicillin by β-lactamase
Specifications
Specifications
| Physical Form | Powder |
| Melting Point | 198°C to 200°C (literature) |
| Concentration | Working Concentration: 100mg/liter for both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. It is typically stable in media at 37°C for approximately 3 days. |
| Quantity | 25 g |
| Solubility Information | Soluble in 1M Ammonium Hydroxide (50mg/mL), dilute acids (50mg/mL 1M HCl) or bases; slightly soluble in water (10mg/mL); practically insoluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether and fixed oils. |
| Formula Weight | 403.46 |
Safety and Handling
| Recommended Storage | Store at +4°C. |
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