Creatinine is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable modulator of GABAA and NMDA receptors, known for its antioxidation and metabolic regulation activities. Generated from creatine and phosphocreatine in muscle, creatinine serum levels serve as a biomarker for renal function, muscle mass, and clinical outcomes, and for perioperative renal risk assessment. It is used in research for various conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and renal failure.
- Orally active and blood-brain barrier-permeable
- Modulates GABAA and NMDA receptors
- Exhibits antioxidation and metabolic regulation
- Biomarker for renal function, muscle mass, and clinical outcomes
- Used for perioperative renal risk assessment
- Applied in research for neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, and kidney diseases