Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Metaphosphoric acid, 39-43%, bal. NaPO{3} (Stabilizer)
CAS: 37267-86-0 Molecular Formula: HO3P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 79.979 MDL Number: MFCD00011351 InChI Key: UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: metaphosphoric acid,meta-phosphoric acid,hydrogenphosphonate,m-phosphoric acid,phosphenic acid,unii-mtk99r3uv0,metaphosphoric acid hpo3,x-phosphate-group,phosphonate 1-,hydrogen phosphonate PubChem CID: 3084658 SMILES: OP(=O)=O
Acetic acid, 99.6%, for analysis
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Hydrofluoric Acid, 40.0%, Suprapur™, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7664-39-3 Molecular Formula: FH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 20.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011346 InChI Key: KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: Hydrofluoric acid solution,Fluoric acid IUPAC Name: hydrogen fluoride SMILES: F
Nitric Acid, 5% (v/v), Ricca Chemical
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Acetic acid, 99.5%, pure
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Lactic Acid, 85.0-90.0%, ACS, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 50-21-5 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.08 MDL Number: MFCD00004520 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: lactic acid,dl-lactic acid,2-hydroxypropionic acid,milk acid,lactate,polylactic acid,ethylidenelactic acid,lactovagan,tonsillosan,acidum lacticum PubChem CID: 612 ChEBI: CHEBI:78320 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(O)C(O)=O
p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, ACS, 98.5+%
CAS: 6192-52-5 Molecular Formula: C7H10O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 190.213 MDL Number: MFCD00142137 InChI Key: KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate,4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate,4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid monohydrate,p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate,unii-3bto78gaff,benzenesulfonic acid, 4-methyl-, monohydrate,ptoluenesulfonic acid,p-toluenesulfonic acid, monohydrate,3bto78gaff,4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid hydrate PubChem CID: 521998 IUPAC Name: 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid;hydrate SMILES: CC1=CC=C(C=C1)S(=O)(=O)O.O
Hydrochloric acid, for biochemistry, approx. 37% solution in water
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Hydrochloric acid, 99.999% (metals basis), 36.5% min
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: chlorane SMILES: Cl
Sulfuric acid, extra pure, fuming, 20-30% free SO3
CAS: 8014-95-7 Molecular Formula: H2O7S2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 178.13 MDL Number: MFCD00137792 InChI Key: HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES: O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O
Sulfuric Acid, 1.00 N, Ricca Tightrant™
CAS: 7732-18-5 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
DL-Tartaric acid, 99.5%
CAS: 133-37-9 Molecular Formula: C4H6O6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09 MDL Number: MFCD00071626 InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: dl-tartaric acid,2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid,tartaric acid,racemic acid,uvic acid,traubensaure,paratartaric acid,paratartaric aicd,dl-tartrate,racemic tartaric acid PubChem CID: 875 ChEBI: CHEBI:15674 IUPAC Name: 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
Acetic Acid (100%, Glacial), Anhydrous, EMSURE™ MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Sulfuric Acid, Certified, 0.1000N ±0.0005N (0.05M), LabChem™
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
o-Phosphoric Acid, 85% w/w, ACS, GR, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Formula: H3O4P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.994 InChI Key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthophosphoric acid,sonac,o-phosphoric acid,phosphorsaeure,acidum phosphoricum,evits,wc-reiniger,acide phosphorique,white,acido fosforico PubChem CID: 1004 ChEBI: CHEBI:26078 IUPAC Name: phosphoric acid SMILES: OP(=O)(O)O