Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Hydrogen chloride, pure, 1N solution in diethyl ether, AcroSeal™
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Acetic acid, 99+%, extra pure
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Tiglic acid, 97+%
CAS: 80-59-1 Molecular Formula: C5H8O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.12 MDL Number: MFCD00066864 InChI Key: UIERETOOQGIECD-ONEGZZNKSA-N Synonym: tiglic acid,tiglinic acid,cevadic acid,2-methyl-2-butenoic acid,trans-2-methylcrotonic acid,trans-2,3-dimethylacrylic acid,2-methylbut-2-enoic acid,e-2-methyl-2-butenoic acid,trans-2-methyl-2-butenoic acid,e-2,3-dimethylacrylic acid PubChem CID: 125468 ChEBI: CHEBI:9592 IUPAC Name: (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoic acid SMILES: C\C=C(/C)C(O)=O
Decanoic acid, ≥99.5% (GC), MilliporeSigma™ Supelco™
Decanoic acid (DA) is a saturated medium-chain (10 carbons) fatty acid primarily used in the manufacture of plastics, cosmetics, and lubricants. DA is naturally found in coconut and palm oil.
Hydrochloric acid, 37%, extra pure
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Perchloric acid, extra pure, ca. 70% solution in water
CAS: 7601-90-3 Molecular Formula: ClHO4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 100.45 MDL Number: MFCD00011325 InChI Key: VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: unii-v561v90bg2,perchloric acid,perchloric acid acid by mass forbidden,perchloric acid, acs reagent,perchlorsaeure,perchloric acid,ueberchlorsaeure,hyperchloric acid,hclo4 PubChem CID: 24247 ChEBI: CHEBI:29221 IUPAC Name: perchloric acid SMILES: O[Cl](=O)(=O)=O
Thiodiglycolic anhydride, 98%
CAS: 3261-87-8 Molecular Formula: C4H4O3S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 132.133 MDL Number: MFCD00051689 InChI Key: RIIUAPMWDSRBSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: thiodiglycolic anhydride,1-oxa-4-thia-cyclohexan-2,6-dione PubChem CID: 137871 IUPAC Name: 1,4-oxathiane-2,6-dione SMILES: C1C(=O)OC(=O)CS1
Acetic acid, glacial, ≥99%, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Trifluoroacetic acid, Reagent Grade, 99%, Solstice
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 IUPAC Name: trifluoroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
L-malic acid, 99%, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 97-67-6 Molecular Formula: C4H6O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 134.087 InChI Key: BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N Synonym: l-malic acid,l---malic acid,s-2-hydroxysuccinic acid,2s-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid,l--malic acid,apple acid,--malic acid,l-apple acid,s-malic acid,s-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid PubChem CID: 222656 ChEBI: CHEBI:30797 IUPAC Name: (2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid SMILES: C(C(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O
Butyric acid sodium salt, 98%
CAS: 156-54-7 Molecular Formula: C4H7NaO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 110.09 MDL Number: MFCD00002816 InChI Key: MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: sodium butyrate,sodium butanoate,butyric acid sodium salt,butanoic acid, sodium salt,butyrate sodium,butyric acid, sodium salt,sodium n-butyrate,sodium propanecarboxylate,butyric acid, na,butanoic acid, sodium salt 1:1 PubChem CID: 5222465 ChEBI: CHEBI:64103 SMILES: [Na+].CCCC([O-])=O
Tannic acid
CAS: 637-01-4 Molecular Formula: C10H18Cl2N2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 237.168 InChI Key: FBHKTSXMTASXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride,wurster's reagent dihydrochloride,n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride,unii-66w8hka51x,n1,n1,n4,n4-tetramethylbenzene-1,4-diamine dihydrochloride,wurster's blue dihydrochloride,1,4-benzenediamine, n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-, dihydrochloride,1,4-benzenediamine, n1,n1,n4,n4-tetramethyl-, hydrochloride 1:2,1-n,1-n,4-n,4-n-tetramethylbenzene-1,4-diamine dihydrochloride,wursters reagent PubChem CID: 71561 IUPAC Name: 1-N,1-N,4-N,4-N-tetramethylbenzene-1,4-diamine;dihydrochloride SMILES: CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N(C)C.Cl.Cl
Gallic Acid, ACS, ≥98.0%; MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 5995-86-8 Molecular Formula: C7H5O5 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 169.11 MDL Number: MFCD00149098 InChI Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: gallic acid monohydrate,3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid hydrate,galop hydrate,3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid monohydrate,gallicum acidum,benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, hydrate,gallic acid, monohydrate,gallicacidmonohydrate,gallic acid, acs,acmc-1ary0 PubChem CID: 24721416 IUPAC Name: 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate SMILES: OC1=CC(=CC(O)=C1O)C([O-])=O
Salicylic Acid, Powder, USP, 98-102%, Spectrum™ Chemical
CAS: 69-72-7 Molecular Formula: C7H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 138.12 MDL Number: MFCD00002439 InChI Key: YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O
Acetic acid, 4% v/v aq. soln.
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O