Betacarotene (CAS 7235-40-7) is a hydrocarbon-based tetraterpenoid pigment widely present in plants and fruits Structurally composed of eight isoprene units (40 carbon atoms) arranged linearly with terminal beta-ring formations betacarotene exhibits potent antioxidant characteristics Biologically it serves as a precursor to vitamin A (retinol) undergoing oxidative cleavage to retinoids and thus modulates the activity of retinoic acid receptors involved in gene transcription Betacarotene s antioxidant properties enable it to scavenge reactive oxygen species mitigating oxidative damage in cellular models It is frequently studied in vitro and in vivo to investigate mechanisms underlying oxidative stress inflammation and vitamin A metabolism pathways