Donkey Secondary Antibodies
Biotium EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) (GFR/2968R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 170 kDa, identified as EGFR. EGFR is type I receptor tyrosine kinase with sequence homology to erbB-1, -2, -3 -4 or HER-1, -2, -3 -4. It binds to Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor-a (TGF-a), Heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), amphiregulin, betacellulin and epiregulin. EGFR is overexpressed in tumors of breast, brain, bladder, lung, gastric, head & neck, esophagus, cervix, vulva, ovary, and endometrium. It is predominantly present in squamous cell carcinomas.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium ATRX / RAD54 (Alpha Thalassemia Mental Retardation) (ATRX/2900R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ATRX is a member of the Snf2 family of helicase/ATPases, which contribute to the remodeling of the nucelosome structure in an ATP-dependent manner, and facilitate the initiation of transcription and replication. Structurally, ATRX contains a PHD zinc finger motif. ATRX is regulated throughout the cell cycle where it is differentially distributed within the nucleus. During interphase, ATRX predominately associates with the nuclear matrix, while during mitosis, ATRX localizes with condensed chromatin. At the onset of M phase, phosphorylation rapidly induces this redistribution of ATRX to the short arms of human acrocentric chromosomes, where it then specifically complexes with heterochromatin protein 1 alpha to mediate chromosomal segregation. Mutations in the ATRX gene correlate with a high incidence of severe X-linked form of syndromal mental retardation associated with alpha-thalassemia or ATRX syndrome. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescen
Biotium Sarcomeric Actinin Alpha 2 / ACTN2(ACTN2/3292), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In non-muscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a muscle-specific, alpha actinin isoform that is expressed in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue flu
Biotium Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 (LAG-3) (Negative Checkpoint Regulator)(LAG3/3261), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
LAG-3 (also called CD223) is a high affinity MHC class II ligand present on the surface of CD4 CD8 T cells and NK cell, with shared homology in structure to CD4 molecules. It has a glutamic acid-proline (EP) repetitive sequence found in other functionally distinct mammalian, parasitic, and bacterial proteins that may influence a conserved biological function. LAG-3 CD4 CD8 T cells can associate with the T cell receptor (TCR) and downregulate TCR signaling in vitro. LAG-3 inhibits CD4-dependent T cell function via its cytoplasmic domain. LAG-3 Lys-468 within a conserved 'KIEELE' motif is essential for interaction with downstream signaling molecules. Furthermore, as a checkpoint inhibitor target, it may be superior to CTLA-4 and PD-1 since both antibodies only activate effector T-cells, whereas an antagonist LAG-3 antibody can both activate T effector cells (by downregulating the LAG-3 inhibiting signal into pre-activated LAG-3 cells) and inhibit induced (i. e. antigen-speci
Biotium Cytokeratin 14 (KRT14) (Squamous Cell Marker)(KRT14/2375), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) belongs to the type I (or A or acidic) subfamily of low molecular weight keratins and exists in combination with keratin 5 (type II or B or basic). CK14 is found in basal cells of squamous epithelia, some glandular epithelia, myoepithelium, and mesothelial cells. Anti-CK14 is useful in differentiating squamous cell carcinomas from poorly differentiated epithelial tumors. Anti-CK14 is one of the specific basal markers for distinguishing between basal and non-basal subtypes of breast carcinomas. Anti-CK14 is also a good marker for differentiation of intraductal from invasive salivary duct carcinoma by the positive staining of basal cells surrounding the in-situ neoplasm as well as for differentiation of benign prostate from prostate carcinoma. Furthermore, this antibody has been useful in separating oncocytic tumors of the kidney from its renal mimics, and in identifying metaplastic carcinomas of the breast. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a
Abcam Donkey Fab'2 Anti-Mouse IgG H&L Alexa Fluor 750
Donkey Fab'2 Anti-Mouse IgG H&L Alexa Fluor 750
The product is subject to the following: Abcam Restricted Use Statement
Jackson Immuno Research Labs AffiniPure F(ab')2 Fragment Donkey Anti-Mouse IgM, u chain specific, 1 mg
F(ab')2 fragment antibodies are generated by pepsin digestion of whole IgG antibodies to remove most of the Fc region while leaving some of the hinge region. F(ab')2 fragments have two antigen-binding Fab portions linked together by disulfide bonds and therefore they are divalent. The average molecular weight is about 110 kDa. They are used for specific applications, such as to avoid binding of secondary antibodies to live cells with Fc receptors or to Protein A or Protein G.
Biotium Uroplakin 1A (Urothelial Differentiation Marker)(UPK1A/2922), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is found in the asymmetrical unit membrane (AUM) where it can complex with other transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins. It may play a role in normal bladder epithelial physiology, possibly in regulating membrane permeability of superficial umbrella cells or in stabilizing the apical membrane through AUM/cytoskeletal interactions. The protein may also play a role in tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like
Biotium CD74 (B-Cell Marker)(CLIP/3127R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of ~35 kDa, identified as CD74 (Workshop IV). CD74 is a type II transmembrane protein which binds to the peptide binding groove of newly synthesized MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers and prevents their premature association with endogenous polypeptides. CD74 is expressed primarily by antigen presenting cells, such as B-lymphocytes (from before the pre-B cell stage to before the plasma cell stage), macrophages, and monocytes, and many epithelial cells. Anti-CD74 stains predominantly germinal center lymphocytes and B-cell lymphomas, but rarely T-cell lymphomas. Anti-CD74 has been shown to be useful in differentiating atypical fibroxanthoma (-) from malignant fibrous histiocytoma ( ). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abunda
Biotium MCM6 (Proliferation Marker)(MCM6/3000), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) family of proteins, including MCM2, MCM3, MCM6 (Cdc21), MCM5 (Cdc46), MCM6 (Mis5) and MCM7 (Cdc47), are regulators of DNA replication that act to ensure replication occurs only once in the cell cycle. Expression of MCM proteins increases during cell growth, peaking at G1/S phase. The MCM proteins each contain an ATP-binding motif, which is predicted to mediate ATP-dependent opening of double-stranded DNA. MCM proteins are regulated by E2F transcription factors, which induce MCM expression, and by protein kinases, which interact with MCM proteins to maintain the post-replicative state of the cell. MCM2/MCM6 complexes function as substrates for Cdc2/cyclin B in vitro. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundanc
Biotium C1QA / Complement C1q A-Chain(C1QA/2953), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Complement C1q A Chain (C1qa) is a subunit of C1q. C1q is composed of 6 polypeptide chains each of C1qa, C1qb, and C1qc. C1q is a component of the classical complement pathway, and thereby plays an important role in the immune response. Each C1q subunit contains an N-terminal collagen-like region and a C-terminal C1q globular domain. The presence of receptors for C1q on effector cells modulates its activity, which may be antibody-dependent or independent. Macrophages are the primary source of C1q, while anti-inflammatory drugs as well as cytokines differentially regulate expression of the mRNA as well as the protein. C1q deficiency is associated with lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets,
Biotium Lewis B(2-25LE), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The Lewis histo-blood group system comprises a set of fucosylated glycosphingolipids that are synthesized by exocrine epithelial cells and circulate in body fluids. The glycosphingolipids function in embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, tumor metastasis, inflammation, and bacterial adhesion. They are secondarily absorbed to red blood cells giving rise to their Lewis phenotype. This gene is a member of the fucosyltransferase family, which catalyzes the addition of fucose to precursor polysaccharides in the last step of Lewis antigen biosynthesis. It encodes an enzyme with alpha(1,3)-fucosyltransferase and alpha(1,4)-fucosyltransferase activities. Lewis blood group antigens are carbohydrate moieties structurally integrated in mucous secretions. Lewis antigen system alterations have been described in gastric carcinoma and associated lesions. Anomalous expression of Lewis B antigen has been found in some non-secretory gastric carcinomas and colorectal cancers.Primary antibodies
Biotium von Willebrand Factor / Factor VIII Related-Ag (Endothelial Marker)(rVWF/2480), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein that is found in endothelial cells, plasma and platelets. It acts as a carrier protein for Factor VIII and promotes platelet adhesion and aggregation. vWF undergoes a variety of posttranslational modifications that influence the affinity and availability for Factor VIII, including cleavage of the propeptide and formation of N-terminal disulfide bonds. This antibody helps to establish the endothelial nature of some lesions of disputed histogenesis, e. g. Kaposi's sarcoma and cardiac myxoma. It is widely used for differentiating vascular lesions from those of other tissue differentiation within a panel of other vascular markers although not all tumors of endothelial differentiation contain this antigen. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and
Biotium Calcineurin B / PPP3R1(CALNB/2342), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes the Calcineurin B alpha protein, encoded by the PPP3R1 (Protein Phosphatase 3 Regulatory Subunit B Alpha) gene. Calcineurin is an enzyme that dephosphorylates serine and threonine residues in proteins. It is a heterodimer of a 59 kDa catalytic A subunit and a 19 kDa regulatory B subunit that is activated by the binding of calcium ions and calmodulin. Calcineurin is expressed in many tissues, but its levels are highest in the brain, where it may play a role in learning and memory. It has many substrates, including NFAT, a transcription factor that is activated by dephosphorylation. Complexes of the immuno-suppressants cyclosporine and FK506 with immunophilin proteins such as cyclophilin and FKBP12 are potent and specific inhibitors of Calcineurin activity. Alterations in Calcineurin activity are suspected to play a role in cardiac hypertrophy and graft versus host disease in organ transplantation. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selecti
Biotium Chromogranin A / CHGA (Neuroendocrine Marker) (rCHGA/798), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes