Protein Labeling Reagents
Biotium CD34(QBEnd/10 + HPCA1/763), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a single chain, transmembrane, heavily glycosylated protein of 90-120 kDa, which is identified as CD34. Its expression is a hallmark for identifying pluripotent hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells. Its expression is gradually lost as lineage committed progenitors differentiate. CD34 is a marker of choice for staining blasts in acute myeloid leukemia. In addition, CD34 is expressed by soft tissue tumors, such as solitary fibrous tumor and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Its expression is also found in vascular endothelium. Additionally, it appears that proliferating endothelial cells express this molecule more than the non-proliferating endothelial cells. Anti-CD34 labels > 85% of angiosarcoma and Kaposi's sarcoma, but with a lower specificity.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF
Biotium GFAP(GA-5), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of ~50 kDa which is identified as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). It shows no cross-reaction with other intermediate filament proteins. GFAP is specifically found in astroglia. GFAP is a very popular marker for localizing benign astrocyte and neoplastic cells of glial origin in the central nervous system. Antibody to GFAP is useful in differentiating primary gliomas from metastatic lesions in the brain and for documenting astrocytic differentiation in tumors outside the CNS.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium CD98(UM7F8), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD98 exits as a heterodimer containing a disulphide-linked glycosylated heavy chain and a non-glycosylated light chain. It is a member of the solute carrier family and encodes a cell surface, transmembrane protein. The protein exists as the heavy chain of a heterodimer, covalently bound through disulfide bonds to one of several possible light chains. The encoded transporter plays a role in regulation of intracellular calcium levels and transports L-type amino acids. Alternatively spliced transcript variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium CD11b(M1/70), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD11b is a cell adhesion molecule that acts as a receptor for cell surface ligands such as intracellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) or soluble ligands. Integrins are heterodimeric proteins that contain an alpha chain and beta chain. IntegrinαM combines with the Integrinβ2 to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 (Mac-1), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 (CR3). IntegrinαM/β2 is important in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium, and also in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles. The protein CD11b has been implicated in the various adhesion-related interactions of cells such as monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and granulocytes. It is part of a heterodimer that consists of CD11b and CD18. It also modulates the uptake of complement-coated particles within the cell. It is commonly used as a microglial marker in tissues derived from the nervous system.Primary antib
Biotium CD6(C6/372), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD6 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that contains a 24-amino acid signal sequence, three extracellular scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains, a membrane-spanning domain and a 44-amino acid cytoplasmic domain. The CD6 glycoprotein is tyrosine phosphorylated during TCR-mediated T cell activation. CD6 shows significant homology to CD5. CD6 is present on mature thymocytes, peripheral T cells and a subset of B cells. Antibodies to CD6 are used to deplete T cells from bone marrow transplants to prevent graft versus host disease.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium CD66 (CEA)(COL-1), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes proteins of 80-200 kDa, identified as different members of CEA family. CEA is synthesized during development in the fetal gut and is re-expressed in increased amounts in intestinal carcinomas and several other tumors. This MAb does not react with nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) and with human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. It shows no reaction with a variety of normal tissues and is suitable for staining of formalin/paraffin tissues. CEA is not found in benign glands, stroma, or malignant prostatic cells. Antibody to CEA is useful in detecting early foci of gastric carcinoma and in distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas (60-70% are CEA positive) from pleural mesotheliomas (rarely or weakly CEA positive). Anti-CEA positivity is seen in adenocarcinomas from the lung, colon, stomach, esophagus, pancreas, gallbadder, urachus, salivary gland, ovary, and endocervix.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF
Biotium Nuclear Membrane(NM97), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This monoclonal antibody is part of a new panel of reagents, which recognizes subcellular organelles or compartments of human cells. These markers may be useful in identification of these organelles in cells, tissues, and biochemical preparations. It recognizes an antigen associated with the nuclear membrane expressed in human cells. It can be used to stain the nuclear membrane in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a marker of the nuclear membrane in subcellular fractions. It produces a ring pattern around the nucleus of cells of normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nuclear membrane of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. ,The nuclear envelope (also known as the perinuclear envelope, nuclear membrane, nucleolemma or karyotheca) is the double membrane of the nucleus that encloses genetic material in eukaryotic cells. It separates the contents of the nucleus (DNA in particular) from the cytosol (cytoplasm). Numerous nuclear pores are present
Biotium PLGF(PLGF94), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The onset of angiogenesis is believed to be an early event in tumorigenesis and may facilitate tumor progression and metastasis. Several growth factors with angiogenic activity have been described. These include Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Placenta Growth Factor (PLGF). Placenta growth factor (PLGF) is a secreted protein primarily produced by placental trophoblasts but also expressed in other endothelial cells and tumors. There are three isoforms, PLGF-1, PLGF-2, and PLGF-3. PLGF-2 is expressed up until week 8 in the placenta; the placental tissues continuously express PLGF-1 and PLGF-3 but only PLGF-1 is found in colon and mammary carcinomas. PLGF acts to stimulate angiogenesis, endothelial growth and migration. PLGF is a powerful promoter of tumor growth and is upregulated in some cancers, and PLGF is thought to aid in atherosclerotic lesions and neovascular growth surrounding the lesio
Biotium HIF1α(HIF1A-84), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
HIF1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1), a heterodimeric transcription factor complex central to cellular response to hypoxia, consists of two subunits (HIF-1 alpha and HIF-1 beta) which are basic helix-loop-helix proteins of the PAS (Per, ARNT, Sim) family. Expression of HIF-1 alpha protein is regulated by cellular oxygen level alterations as well as in oxygen-independent manner via different cytokines (through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway), growth factors, oncogenic activation, or loss of tumor suppressor function etc. In normoxic cells, HIF-1 alpha is proline hydroxylated leading to a conformational change that promotes its binding to the VLH (von Hippel Lindau) protein E3 ligase complex; ubiquitination and followed by rapid proteasomal degradation. Hypoxia as well as chemical hydroxylase inhibitors (desferrioxamine, cobalt etc.) inhibit HIF-1 alpha degradation and lead to its accumulation in the cells, whereas, contrastingly, HIF-1 beta/ARNT (AhR nuclear translocator) remains stab
Biotium NKX2.2(NX2/294), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Expression of NKX2.2 has been found in neuroendocrine tumors of the gut, making it a potential marker for the study of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. More recently, NKX2.2 protein was identified as a target of EWS-FLI-1, the fusion protein specific to Ewing sarcoma, and was shown to be differentially upregulated in Ewing sarcoma on the basis of array-based gene expression analysis. It acts as a valuable marker for Ewing sarcoma, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 89%, and aids in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumors.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.