Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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L(+)-Lactic acid, 20 wt.% solution in water
CAS: 79-33-4 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.078 MDL Number: MFCD00064266 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N Synonym: l-lactic acid,l-+-lactic acid,s-2-hydroxypropanoic acid,s-lactic acid,sarcolactic acid,s-2-hydroxypropionic acid,2s-2-hydroxypropanoic acid,+-lactic acid,espiritin,tisulac PubChem CID: 107689 ChEBI: CHEBI:422 IUPAC Name: (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(C(=O)O)O
Pamoic acid, 98+%
CAS: 130-85-8 Molecular Formula: C23H16O6 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 388.38 MDL Number: MFCD00004079 InChI Key: WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: pamoic acid,embonic acid,4,4'-methylenebis 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid,pamosaeure,unii-7rrq8qz38n,2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 4,4'-methylenebis 3-hydroxy,7rrq8qz38n,pamoic acid 98+% hplc,4,4'-methylen-bis-3-hydroxy-2-naphthoesaeure PubChem CID: 8546 ChEBI: CHEBI:50186 IUPAC Name: 4-[(3-carboxy-2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl]-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=C(O)C(CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=CC(C(O)=O)=C2O)=C2C=CC=CC2=C1
Hydrochloric acid, 50% v/v aq. soln.
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
Boric acid, ACS, 99.5% min
CAS: 10043-35-3 Molecular Formula: BH3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 61.83 MDL Number: MFCD00011337 InChI Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: orthoboric acid,boracic acid,borofax,boron hydroxide,boron trihydroxide,three elephant,basilit b,trihydroxyborone,h3bo3,flea prufe PubChem CID: 7628 ChEBI: CHEBI:33118 IUPAC Name: boric acid SMILES: OB(O)O
Hydrofluoric acid, Environmental Grade Plus, 47-51%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 7664-39-3 Molecular Formula: FH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 20.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011346 InChI Key: KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrofluoric acid,hydrogen fluoride,fluorhydric acid,hydrofluoride,rubigine,fluorwasserstoff,hydrogen-fluoride,antisal 2b,fluorowodor polish,caswell no. 484 PubChem CID: 14917 ChEBI: CHEBI:29228 SMILES: F
Vanillic acid, 98%
CAS: 121-34-6 Molecular Formula: C8H8O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 168.15 MDL Number: MFCD00002551 InChI Key: WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: vanillic acid,acide vanillique,p-vanillic acid,benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy,3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillate,m-anisic acid, 4-hydroxy,protocatechuic acid, 3-methyl ester,4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoic acid,unii-gm8q3jm2y8 PubChem CID: 8468 ChEBI: CHEBI:30816 IUPAC Name: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid SMILES: COC1=CC(=CC=C1O)C(O)=O
Lactic Acid, 85.0-90.0%, ACS, MilliporeSigma™
CAS: 50-21-5 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.08 MDL Number: MFCD00004520 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYNA-N Synonym: lactic acid,dl-lactic acid,2-hydroxypropionic acid,milk acid,lactate,polylactic acid,ethylidenelactic acid,lactovagan,tonsillosan,acidum lacticum PubChem CID: 612 ChEBI: CHEBI:78320 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(O)C(O)=O
Hydrogen chloride, 3M solution in CPME, AcroSeal™
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Nitric Acid, Electronic/Cleanroom Grade, 68-70%, Spectrum™ Chemical
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
Sulfuric acid, 10% v/v aq. soln.
CAS: 7664-93-9 Molecular Formula: H2O4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98.07 MDL Number: MFCD00064589 InChI Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: oil of vitriol,sulphuric acid,dihydrogen sulfate,mattling acid,battery acid,dipping acid,acide sulfurique,electrolyte acid,acidum sulfuricum,vitriol brown oil PubChem CID: 1118 ChEBI: CHEBI:26836 IUPAC Name: sulfuric acid SMILES: OS(O)(=O)=O
DL-Lactic Acid Lithium Salt, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 867-55-0 Molecular Formula: C3H5LiO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 96.01 MDL Number: MFCD00065399 InChI Key: GKQWYZBANWAFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: lithium lactate,lithium 2-hydroxypropanoate,lactic acid, lithium salt,dl-lactic acid lithium salt,propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monolithium salt,lithium 1+ ion lactate,l-+-lactic acid lithium salt,lithotab lactate,acmc-20akmj,lithium s-lactate PubChem CID: 23673452 IUPAC Name: lithium;2-hydroxypropanoate SMILES: [Li+].CC(C(=O)[O-])O
Oxalic acid, 0.1 N standard solution
CAS: 144-62-7 Molecular Formula: C2H2O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.034 MDL Number: MFCD00002573 InChI Key: MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanedioic acid,aktisal,aquisal,oxiric acid,oxalate,oxalsaeure,oxaalzuur,kyselina stavelova,acide oxalique,acido ossalico PubChem CID: 971 ChEBI: CHEBI:16995 IUPAC Name: oxalic acid SMILES: C(=O)(C(=O)O)O
Salicylic acid, For ACS analysis, 99.68%, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 69-72-7 Molecular Formula: C7H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 138.12 MDL Number: MFCD00002439 InChI Key: YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: salicylic acid,o-hydroxybenzoic acid,2-carboxyphenol,o-carboxyphenol,rutranex,salonil,retarder w,keralyt,duoplant,freezone PubChem CID: 338 ChEBI: CHEBI:16914 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O
Cyanuric acid, 98%
CAS: 108-80-5 Molecular Formula: C3H3N3O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 129.08 MDL Number: MFCD00082990 InChI Key: ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: cyanuric acid,isocyanuric acid,1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol,trihydroxycyanidine,tricyanic acid,sym-triazinetriol,s-triazinetriol,1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 1h,3h,5h-trione,pseudocyanuric acid,isocyanurate acid PubChem CID: 7956 ChEBI: CHEBI:38028 IUPAC Name: 1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione SMILES: O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1
Phosphomolybdic Acid (ACS Grade), MP Biomedicals
CAS: 51429-74-4 Molecular Formula: H3Mo12O40P Molecular Weight (g/mol): 1825.40 MDL Number: MFCD00149913 InChI Key: FEFSFHGZSNHJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: 12-Molybdophosphoric acid SMILES: [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].OP(O)(O)=O