Magnesium (Mg)
Magnesium was recognized in 1755 and first isolated in 1808. It is the eighth-most abundant element in the Earth's crust and is found mainly in magnesite, dolomite, and other minerals.
Magnesium is a light, silver-to-white, fairly tough metal. It becomes slightly tarnished in air, readily ignites upon heating, and produces a dazzling white flame.
Uses include flashlight photography, flares, pyrotechnics, and incendiary bombs. Lighter than aluminum, its alloys are essential for airplane and missile construction. The hydroxide (milk of magnesia), chloride, sulfate (Epsom salts), and citrate forms are used medicinally. Organic magnesium is important in both plant and animal life.
