Invitrogen™ beta Amyloid Polyclonal Antibody

Catalog No.	Quantity
71-580-0	100 μg

Catalog No. 71-580-0 Supplier Invitrogen™ Supplier No. 715800

Description

Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

beta Amyloid Polyclonal Antibody for Western Blot, IHC, ELISA, IP

Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta/Beta-amyloid) is the major constituent of amyloid plaques in the brains of individuals afflicted with Alzheimer's disease. Abeta peptide is 40-43 amino acids long and generated from the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta APP) in a two-step process. The first step involves cleavage of the extracellular, amino-terminal domain of beta APP. Protein cleavage is performed by an aspartyl protease, beta-secretase (BACE) which is synthesized as a propeptide and must be modified to the mature and active form by the prohormone convertase, furin. Beta APP cleavage by the mature form of BACE results in the cellular secretion of a segment of beta APP, and a membrane-bound remnant. The remnant protein is processed by another protease, gamma-secretase. Gamma-secretase cleaves an intra-membrane site in the carboxyl-terminal domain of beta APP, thus generating the amyloid beta peptide. Gamma-secretase is believed to be a multi-subunit complex containing presenilin-1 and 2 as central components. The transmembrane glycoprotein, nicastrin, is associated with presinilins and has been found to bind to the carboxyl-terminus of beta APP and helps to modulate the production of the amyloid beta peptide. Abeta is an extracellular filamentous protein component of amyloid cores, neuritic plaques and is also found as a deposit in neurofibrillary tangles. Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of senile dementia, is characterized by abnormal filamentous protein deposits in the brain. Beta amyloid deposits are also detected in Lewy body dementia, Down's syndrome, amyloidosis (Dutch type), cerebroarterial amyloidosis (cerebral amyloid angiopathy) and in the Guam Parkinson-Dementia complex.

Specifications

• Antigen: beta Amyloid
• Applications: ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
• Classification: Polyclonal
• Concentration: 0.25 mg/mL
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Description: Specimen Stage B (Biopsy)
• Dilution: Assay dependent
• Formulation: PBS with 0.1% sodium azide; pH 7.4
• Gene: APP
• Gene Accession No.: P05067
• Gene Alias: A4; AAA; ABETA; Abeta40; Abeta42; ABPP; AD1; Adap; AG; AICD-50; AICD-57; AICD-59; AID(50); AID(57); AID(59); Alpha-CTF; Alpha-secretase C-terminal fragment; Alzheimer disease; Alzheimer disease amyloid A4 protein homolog; alzheimer disease amyloid protein; Amyloid; amyloid A4; Amyloid b; Amyloid beta; amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein; amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (peptidase nexin-II, Alzheimer disease); amyloid beta A4 protein; amyloid beta precursor protein; Amyloid intracellular domain 50; Amyloid intracellular domain 57; Amyloid intracellular domain 59; Amyloid precursor protein; amyloid precursor protein variant 1; amyloid precursor protein variant 2; Amyloid β; amyloid-beta A4 protein; amyloid-beta A4 protein; amyloid beta A4 protein; Amyloid-beta precursor protein; Amyloid-beta protein 40; Amyloid-beta protein 42; Amyloidogenic glycoprotein; APP; APP-C57; APP-C59; APP-C99; APPI; appican; beta amyloid protein; beta amyloid protein precursor; beta-amyloid peptide; beta-amyloid peptide(1-40); beta-amyloid peptide(1-42); Beta-amyloid precursor protein; betaApp; Beta-APP40; Beta-APP42; Beta-CTF; Beta-secretase C-terminal fragment; C31; C80; C83; C99; Cerebral vascular amyloid peptide; CTF gamma; CTF-alpha; CTFgamma; CVAP; E030013M08Rik; Gamma-CTF(50); Gamma-CTF(57); Gamma-CTF(59); Gamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 50; Gamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 57; Gamma-secretase C-terminal fragment 59; N-APP; OTTHUMP00000096096; P3(40); P3(42); Pan-Abeta; peptidase nexin-II; PN2; PN-II; PreA4; PreA4 751; protease nexin II; protease nexin-II; S-APP-alpha; S-APP-beta; Soluble APP-alpha; Soluble APP-beta; testicular tissue protein Li 2
• Gene Symbols: APP
• Host Species: Rabbit
• Immunogen: A 30 amino acid synthetic peptide derived from the full length (1-43 amino acid) beta-Amyloid peptide.
• Purification Method: Affinity chromatography
• Quantity: 100 μg
• Regulatory Status: RUO
• Primary or Secondary: Primary
• Gene ID (Entrez): 351
• Includes: 0.1% sodium azide
• Target Species: Human
• Content And Storage: -20°C
• Product Type: Antibody
• Form: Liquid
• Isotype: IgG

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

I know that there's no single procedure that applies to all antigens, but what are some commonly used procedures for performing immunohistochemical staining of brain tissue?

Here is a procedure for the immunohistochemical staining of Beta-amyloid with paraffin embedded sections of transgenic mouse brain. The following protocol was developed for use with paraffin embedded sections stained with a variety of our antibodies against Beta-amyloid. Applicable rabbit and mouse anti-Beta-amyloid antibodies are: 51-2700, 13-0200, 71-5800, 13-0100Z, 37-4200, 43-7900, 44-136, 700254, 36-6900, and AHB0121.

Beta-amyloid Staining:
- Transgenic mice (expressing the transgenes PS1-A246E + APP swe, APP swe alone, or PS1-A246E alone) were perfused with 1 x Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (D-PBS) followed by 4% paraformldehyde buffered with D-PBS. Brain tissues were then embedded in paraffin prior to microtome sectioning.
- After mounting on slides, the paraffin-embedded tissue sections were then deparaffinized with heat. The sections were then incubated for 3 minutes in 70% formic acid. Next, they were deparaffinized further with xylene followed with 100% ethanol. The sections were then re-hydrated in a graded ethanol series (100% ethanol, 95% ethanol, 70% ethanol, and then water).
- Endogenous peroxidase activity was quenched with 3% hydrogen peroxide in methanol. The sections were then heated in the microwave for 5-7 minutes in water, cooled at room temperature for 5 minutes and then rinsed in water. The sections were then washed in TBS (0.05 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.6, with 0.25 M NaCl) prior to blocking. Non-specific binding was blocked with 3% normal goat serum and 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 1 hour at room temperature.
- The sections were then stained with anti-Beta-amyloid antibodies. The staining solution typically consisted of the antibody at a concentration of 5 µg/mL in TBS containing 2% normal goat serum. After incubation at room temperature for at least 1 hr., the sections were washed in TBS 3 times for 5 minutes each. An anti-mouse or anti-rabbit secondary antibody labeled with HRP was then used with DAB or AEC as substrates to stain the Beta-amyloid.
[Adapted from Borchelt, D.R., et al. (1997) Accelerated amyloid deposition in the brains of transgenic mice coexpressing mutant presenilin 1 and amyloid precursor proteins. Neuron 19:939-945.]

Tau and Synuclein Staining:
Here is a general procedure for the immunohistochemical staining of tau, its phosphorylated forms, and synuclein in frozen sections of rat brain. This protocol is adapted from one kindly contributed by Dr. Emil Adamec, M.D., Ph.D., McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA. The procedure was developed for use with cryostat sections of rat brain.
- Sections were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 25 minutes. Sections were then extracted with 0.01% (v/v) Triton X-100. Endogenous peroxidase was blocked with 3% hydrogen peroxide. Sections were then treated with 80% formic acid for 5 to 10 minutes at room temperature to enhance staining. Note that formic acid treatment is also very useful prior to staining with anti-synuclein antibodies.
- The various antibodies were used at dilutions of 1:100 to 1:250. The sections were incubated with the diluted primary antibody overnight at 4°C. A species-specific secondary antibody labeled with HRP was then used with either DAB or AEC to stain the antigens.
- Applicable rabbit and mouse anti-tau and phospho-tau antibodies are: AHB0042, AHB0061, 44-738G, 39-1800, 13-6400, 13-1400, and 18-7461. Anti-synuclein antibodies useful for IHC are: 18-0215, 18-7461, 32-8100, 32-8200, 32-8500, 35-8300, 35-8400, 39-1800, and AHB0261.