Invitrogen™ Di-4-ANEPPDHQ

Catalog No.	Quantity
D36802	1 mg

Catalog No. D36802 Supplier Invitrogen™ Supplier No. D36802

Description

Molecules that fluoresce in response to electrical potential changes in their environment

Increases and decreases in membrane potential-referred to as membrane hyperpolarization and depolarization, respectively-play a central role in many physiological processes, including nerve-impulse propagation, muscle contraction, cell signaling and ion-channel gating. Potentiometric probes are important tools for studying these processes.

• Fast-response probes that operate by means of change in their electronic structure, and consequently their fluorescence properties, in response to change in surrounding electric field
• Optical response is sufficiently fast to detect transient (millisecond) potential changes in excitable cells, including single neurons, cardiac cells, and intact brains
• Magnitude of their potential-dependent fluorescence change is often small; fast-response probes typically show 2-10% fluorescence change per 100 mV
• Display potential-dependent shift in their excitation spectra, thus permitting quantitation of membrane potential using excitation ratio measurements
• Cationic molecule; exhibits very low internalization and good signal:noise ratio and is useful for neural network analysis
• Ex/Em maxima bound to model phospholipid membranes are approximately 465/635nm (but spectral properties are highly dependent on environment)
• Nonfluorescent until bound to membranes
• Soluble in ethanol, DMSO, and DM
• Dye is introduced into cells by direct addition of stock solution to cell culture medium, by using by retrograde labeling
• Plasma membrane of cell has transmembrane potential of approximately -70mV (negative inside) as a consequence of K+, Na+, and Cl- concentration gradients that are maintained by active transport processes
• Potentiometric probes offer indirect method of detecting the translocation of these ions

Cell Analysis, Cell Metabolism, Cell Structure, Cell Viability, Proliferation and Function, Membranes (General) and Lipids

Order Info

Shipping Condition: Room temperature

Specifications

• Color: Infrared
• Content And Storage: Store in freezer -5°C to -30°C and protect from light.
• Detection Method: Fluorescence
• For Use With (Equipment): Fluorescence Microscope
• Product Type: ANEP Dye
• Quantity: 1 mg
• Shipping Condition: Room Temperature
• Sub Cellular Localization: Cytoplasm & Cytosol

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

I am seeing high background outside of my neuronal cells when using membrane potential indicators. What can I do to reduce background?

If you use our FluoVolt Membrane Potential Kit (Cat. No. F10488), the kit provides a background suppressor to reduce this problem. For other indicators, consider the use of BackDrop Background Suppressor (Cat no. R37603, B10511, and B10512).

What is the difference between fast and slow-response membrane potential probes?

Molecules that change their structure in response to the surrounding electric field can function as fast-response probes for the detection of transient (millisecond) potential changes. Slow-response dyes function by entering depolarized cells and binding to proteins or membranes. Increased depolarization results in additional dye influx and an increase in fluorescence, while hyperpolarization is indicated by a decrease in fluorescence. Fast-response probes are commonly used to image electrical activity from intact heart tissues or measure membrane potential changes in response to pharmacological stimuli. Slow-responding probes are often used to explore mitochondrial function and cell viability.

What type of membrane potential indicators do you offer and how should I choose one for my experiment?

A membrane potential indicator selection guide can be found here (https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/cell-analysis/cell-viability-and-regulation/ion-indicators/membrane-potential-indicators.html).

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.