Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
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Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous, FCC, 99-101%, Spectrum™ Chemical
CAS: 127-09-3 Molecular Formula: C2H3NaO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 82.03 MDL Number: MFCD00012459 InChI Key: VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M IUPAC Name: sodium acetate SMILES: [Na+].CC([O-])=O
Ortho-Phosphoric Acid, MilliporeSigma
CAS: 7664-38-2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 98 g/mol
Formic acid, 85%
CAS: 64-18-6 Molecular Formula: CH2O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 46.025 MDL Number: MFCD00003297 InChI Key: BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: methanoic acid,formylic acid,aminic acid,bilorin,hydrogen carboxylic acid,formisoton,myrmicyl,formira,acide formique,collo-bueglatt PubChem CID: 284 ChEBI: CHEBI:30751 IUPAC Name: formic acid SMILES: C(=O)O
Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous, USP, 99-101%, Spectrum™ Chemical
CAS: 127-09-3 Molecular Formula: C2H3NaO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 82.03 MDL Number: MFCD00012459 InChI Key: VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M IUPAC Name: sodium acetate SMILES: [Na+].CC([O-])=O
Phthalic acid, 99%
CAS: 88-99-3 Molecular Formula: C8H6O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 166.132 MDL Number: MFCD00002467 InChI Key: XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid,o-phthalic acid,o-dicarboxybenzene,o-benzenedicarboxylic acid,pathalic acid,acide phtalique,kyselina ftalova,ortho-phthalic acid,phthalicacid PubChem CID: 1017 ChEBI: CHEBI:29069 IUPAC Name: phthalic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C(=O)O)C(=O)O
hydrogen chloride, 1M solution in acetic acid, AcroSeal™
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Citric acid, ≥99.5%, ACS reagent, anhydrous
CAS: 77-92-9 Molecular Formula: C6H8O7 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 192.12 MDL Number: MFCD00011669 InChI Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy PubChem CID: 311 ChEBI: CHEBI:30769 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
N-Butyric Acid 0.995 MP Biomedicals
CAS: 107-92-6 Molecular Formula: C4H8O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 88.11 MDL Number: MFCD00002814 InChI Key: FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: butyric acid,n-butyric acid,n-butanoic acid,propylformic acid,ethylacetic acid,butanic acid,1-propanecarboxylic acid,butyrate,1-butyric acid,buttersaeure PubChem CID: 264 ChEBI: CHEBI:30772 IUPAC Name: butanoic acid SMILES: CCCC(O)=O
Glycolic acid, 70%
CAS: 79-14-1 Molecular Formula: C2H4O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 76.051 MDL Number: MFCD00004312 InChI Key: AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: glycolic acid,hydroxyacetic acid,glycollic acid,hydroxyethanoic acid,acetic acid, hydroxy,glycolate,caswell no. 470,alpha-hydroxyacetic acid,kyselina glykolova,kyselina glykolova czech PubChem CID: 757 ChEBI: CHEBI:17497 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxyacetic acid SMILES: C(C(=O)O)O
Borax, approx. 99%, MP Biomedicals™
CAS: 1303-96-4 Molecular Formula: B4Na2O7·10H2O Synonym: Sodium tetraborate
D-Lactic acid
CAS: 10326-41-7 Molecular Formula: C3H6O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 90.078 MDL Number: MFCD00068313 InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UWTATZPHSA-N Synonym: d-lactic acid,r-2-hydroxypropanoic acid,r-lactic acid,--lactic acid,2r-2-hydroxypropanoic acid,d-lactate,r---lactic acid,r-lactate,propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 2r,d-milchsaeure PubChem CID: 61503 ChEBI: CHEBI:42111 IUPAC Name: (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid SMILES: CC(C(=O)O)O
Acetic acid, 50%, solution in water
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
Hydrogen chloride, pure, 1N solution in diethyl ether, AcroSeal™
CAS: 7647-01-0 | ClH | 36.46 g/mol
Trichloroacetic Acid, 100% (w/v) Aqueous Solution, Spectrum™ Chemical
CAS: 76-03-9 Molecular Formula: C2HCl3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 163.38 InChI Key: YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: trichloroacetic acid SMILES: OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl
Hydrochloric acid, 36%, technical
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl