Propranolol hydrochloride is a nonselective and BBB-permeable β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist. It has high affinity for the β1AR and β2AR, with Ki values of 1.8 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively. It inhibits [3H]-DHA binding to rat brain membrane preparation with an IC50 of 12 nM. Propranolol hydrochloride is used for the study of hypertension, pheochromocytoma, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- Nonselective and BBB-permeable β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist.
- High affinity for β1AR and β2AR.
- Increases total ERK1/2 levels in a dose-dependent manner and ERK1/2 activation at specific concentrations in HemSCs (in vitro).
- Decreases cell proliferation in HemSCs (in vitro).
- Induces HemSC apoptosis (in vitro).
- Reduces vessel diameter and increases phosphorylated ERK1/2 in a xenograft mouse model of IH (in vivo).