Heptane

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What Is Heptane?

Heptane is a straight-chain alkane and one of the main components of gasoline. In liquid form, heptane and its many isomers are often used as non-polar solvents.

Heptane has nine isomers:

  • Heptane (n-heptane)
  • 2-Methylhexane (isoheptane)
  • 3-Methylhexane
  • 2,2-Dimethylpentane (neoheptane)
  • 2,3-Dimethylpentane
  • 2,4-Dimethylpentane
  • 3,3-Dimethylpentane
  • 3-Ethylpentane
  • 2,2,3-Trimethylbutane (pentamethylethane or triptane)

Exposure to heptane vapors can cause dizziness, stupor, loss of coordination and appetite, nausea, dermatitis, chemical pneumonitis, unconsciousness, and possible neuropathy.

Synonyms: n-Heptane, heptan, heptyl hydride, dipropyl methane, heptanen, septane

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Physical and Chemical Properties

PropertyValue  

Property

Molecular Weight
Value
100.205 g/mol
 
 
 
 

Property

Density
Value
0.6795 g/mL at 20°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Boiling Point
Value
98.38°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Melting Point
Value
-90.549°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Flash Point
Value
-4°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Viscosity
Value
0.389 mPa·s at 25°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Dielectric Constant
Value
1.92 at 20°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Dipole Moment
Value
0.0 D
 
 
 
 

Property

UV Cutoff
Value
200 nm
 
 
 
 

Property

Refractive Index
Value
1.3855
 
 
 
 

Property

Vapor Pressure
Value
5.33 kPa at 20°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Vapor Density
Value
3.5 (vs. air)
 
 
 
 

Property

Water Solubility
Value
0.03 at 20°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Heat of Combustion
Value
4817 KJ/mol
 
 
 
 

Property

Heat of Vaporization
Value
35.6 KJ/mol at 25°C
 
 
 
 

Property

Surface Tension
Value
20.14 mN/m at 20°C
 
 
 

How Is Heptane Used?

Heptane is used in paints and coatings, rubber cement solvents, outdoor stove fuel, pharmaceuticals, and gasoline. Pure heptane fuel is considered the zero point on the octane rating scale.

Designations and Grades

PropertyValue  

Property

CAS Number
Value
142-82-5
 
 
 
 

Property

MDL Number
Value
MFCD00009544
 
 
 
 

Property

RIDAD/UN Number
Value
1206
 
 
 
 

Property

Beilstein Registry
Value
1730763
 
 
 
 

Property

EG/EC Number
Value
205-563-8
 
 
 
 

Property

NSC Number
Value
62784
 
 
 
 

Property

ICSC Number
Value
0657
 
 
 
 

Property

RTECS Number
Value
MI7700000
 
 
 
 

Grades

ACS/ACS Reagent/Certified ACS

Anhydrous/Dry/Extra Dry/Molecular Sieve

Environmental

GC/Pesticide Residue

HPLC/UHPLC

Laboratory/Technical

Molecular Biology/Sequencing

Spectrophotometry

Trace Metals

 

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