Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Apexbio Technology LLC Calcifediol 19356-17-3 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Calcifediol also termed calcidiol is a hydroxylated vitamin D3 metabolite and the primary circulating form of vitamin D3 in humans Functioning as a prehormone it undergoes further hydroxylation to calcitriol which activates vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling pathways In vitro assays indicate that calcifediol induces CYP24A1 expression (EC50 70 nM) and thrombomodulin expression at concentrations between 10-100 nM Calcifediol dose-dependently promotes nuclear translocation of VDR at concentrations from 0 1 to 10 M in cultured cells In vivo experiments demonstrated that calcifediol administration influences calcium binding protein expression and calcium transport Clinically calcifediol administration rapidly elevates circulating 25(OH)D3 concentrations facilitating precise modulation of vitamin D status Therefore calcifediol is utilized in biomedical research related to vitamin D metabolism calcium homeostasis and VDR-associated pathways
Apexbio Technology LLC Flumethasone 2135-17-3 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Flumethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist functioning by binding to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and forming a receptor-ligand complex Upon formation this complex translocates into the nucleus modulating transcriptional activity through interactions with glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) subsequently altering gene expression patterns that regulate inflammation immune responses and cellular metabolism Flumethasone is commonly used in biomedical research involving inflammatory and autoimmune disease models to investigate glucocorticoid-mediated regulatory mechanisms receptor signaling pathways and gene expression modulation Reported GR-binding assays indicate Flumethasone exhibits an IC50 value in the low nanomolar range reflecting its potent receptor affinity allowing quantitative analyses and mechanistic studies on glucocorticoid-mediated biological effects
Apexbio Technology LLC GW3965 HCl 405911-17-3 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
GW3965 HCl is a selective non-steroidal agonist targeting liver X receptors (LXR and LXR ) nuclear transcription factors involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism Activation of LXRs modulates cholesterol homeostasis by enhancing cholesterol efflux from macrophages stimulating hepatic bile acid synthesis and reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption GW3965 recruits steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) to human LXRR in vitro and functions as a full agonist on cellular assays for both LXR and LXR receptors In animal studies oral administration elevated plasma HDL cholesterol levels and increased expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in macrophages GW3965 is useful in research investigating cholesterol metabolism atherosclerosis and vascular responses mediated by Angiotensin II signaling
Apexbio Technology LLC Cefoperazone 62893-19-0 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Cefoperazone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity widely applied in biomedical research focused on transport-related mechanisms It exhibits inhibitory effects on rMrp2-mediated transport of [ 3H]estradiol-17 -glucuronide ([ 3H]E217 G) with a reported IC50 value of approximately 199 M Importantly the inhibitory profile of cefoperazone displays biphasic characteristics suggesting distinct binding sites the obtained IC50 values are 6 66 3 23 M (high-affinity component) and 3 88 1 32 mM (low-affinity component) These properties facilitate its use as a probe compound to assess transport pathways in pharmacokinetic and drug disposition studies
Apexbio Technology LLC Carvedilol 72956-09-3 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Carvedilol is an antagonist targeting 1- and -adrenergic receptors employed in research on cardiovascular diseases especially congestive heart failure and hypertension Mechanistically carvedilol blocks adrenergic receptor-mediated signaling influencing sympathetic nervous system activity Additionally carvedilol exhibits antioxidative properties in vitro studies demonstrate suppression of Fe2 -induced lipid peroxidation (IC50 8 1 M) protection of -tocopherol depletion due to Fe2 exposure (IC50 17 6 M) and reduction of hydroxyl radical-derived DMPO-OH signals (IC50 25 M) It also inhibits proliferation (IC50 0 3-2 0 M) and migration (IC50 3 M) in vascular smooth muscle cells induced by platelet-derived growth factor supporting investigation of vascular remodeling processes
Apexbio Technology LLC PD184352 (CI-1040) 212631-79-3 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
PD184352 (CI-1040 CAS 212631-79-3) is a benzhydroxamate derivative that selectively inhibits the MEK1/2 kinases members of the MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) family It interacts with a hydrophobic pocket adjacent to the Mg-ATP binding region of MEK1/2 triggering conformational shifts that favor the inactive non-phosphorylated state of these enzymes Acting via an ATP- and ERK1/2-independent inhibitory mechanism PD184352 robustly suppresses purified MEK1 enzyme activity (IC50 17 nM) Preclinical research demonstrates efficacy in reducing tumor growth notably in murine xenograft models of colon carcinoma underscoring its utility as a research tool in oncology