Citric acid monohydrate is a natural preservative, food tartness enhancer, and an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant, and buffering agent. It induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HaCaT cells, and can cause oxidative damage of the liver and renal toxicity in mice in research.
- Natural preservative and food tartness enhancer
- Acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant, and buffering agent
- Induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M and S phases
- Can cause oxidative damage of the liver by decreasing antioxidative enzyme activities
- Inhibits cell viability in a dose-dependent manner
- Increases expression of various apoptotic proteins and decreases anti-apoptotic proteins