Gadolinium chloride (CAS 10138-52-0) is a small molecule known to act as an agonist of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) Activation of CaSR by gadolinium chloride modulates intracellular calcium levels and reduces cellular cyclic AMP thereby promoting NLRP3 inflammasome activation This property makes it valuable for investigating inflammatory mechanisms underlying disorders such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes gout and atherosclerosis Additionally gadolinium chloride inhibits currents through TRPML channels and other transient receptor potential (TRP) channels supporting its use in studying ion channel physiology and related pathologies