A steroidal androgen; binds to the androgen receptor in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 1.7 µM); activates PXR in HepG2 cells in a reporter assay (EC50 = 0.8 µM); inhibits the androst-4-ene-3,17-dione hydroxylase activities of 16α- and 6β-hydroxylase but not 16β- or 7α-hydroxylase (IC50s = 70, 110, >150, and >150 µM, respectively); decreases testis weight and sperm production in mice at 30 mg/kg