Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Sigma Aldrich Fine Chemicals Biosciences Dimethyl sulfoxide Reagent
Dimethyl sulfoxide is an amphipathic molecule soluble in both aqueous and organic solvents. It is commonly used as an aprotic solvent and also as a reagent in organic synthesis.
Apexbio Technology LLC Atomoxetine HCl 82248-59-7 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Atomoxetine HCl (CAS 82248-59-7) is a selective inhibitor of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) a membrane protein responsible for norepinephrine reuptake and synaptic homeostasis Atomoxetine shows high selectivity towards human NET (Ki 5 nM) with substantially lower affinity for serotonin (Ki 77 nM) and dopamine transporters (Ki 1451 nM) In preclinical studies using rat models atomoxetine elevated extracellular norepinephrine and dopamine specifically in the prefrontal cortex region without affecting dopamine levels in the striatum or nucleus accumbens These traits render it useful in research on neurotransmitter regulation related to cognition and attention disorders
Apexbio Technology LLC Verapamil HCl 152-11-4 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Verapamil HCl (CAS 152-11-4) is a small molecule belonging to the phenylalkylamine class characterized by selective inhibition of L-type calcium channels By blocking calcium influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels verapamil modulates intracellular calcium signaling affecting smooth muscle contraction cardiac electrophysiology and neurotransmitter release It is frequently utilized in research to investigate calcium channel-related physiological processes cardiovascular function and cellular signaling mechanisms
Apexbio Technology LLC Lonidamine 50264-69-2 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Lonidamine (AF-1890) is a cell metabolism inhibitor targeting mitochondrial pyruvate carrier and hexokinase exhibiting inhibitory activity with a Ki value of approximately 2 5 M Through these targets it disrupts glycolytic metabolism by impairing aerobic glycolysis processes common in tumor cells Researchers utilize Lonidamine primarily to investigate metabolic pathways implicated in cancer cell energy production alterations in mitochondrial functions and related metabolic disorders Additionally Lonidamine is employed experimentally in studies examining mitochondrial dysfunction-associated conditions and inflammatory responses including pulmonary fibrosis
Apexbio Technology LLC (-)-MK 801 121917-57-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
(-)-MK 801 (CAS 121917-57-5) is a small molecule serving as a non-competitive antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor It crosses the blood-brain barrier binding reversibly and with high affinity to cortical membranes in a saturable regionally specific manner notably within the hippocampus (-)-MK 801 selectively inhibits depolarization responses to NMDA receptor activation leading to suppression of seizure-like neuronal activity induced by neurotoxins such as tetrodotoxin Due to these properties it has widespread use as a research tool in neuroscience particularly in investigating excitotoxicity epilepsy and neurological disorders associated with NMDA receptor dysfunction
Apexbio Technology LLC Elesclomol (STA-4783) 488832-69-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Elesclomol (STA-4783 CAS 488832-69-5) is a small molecule identified through phenotype-based screens for apoptotic activity which induces apoptosis in cancer cells by elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) Its primary cellular target is mitochondrial electron transport disruption of which results in rapid accumulation of oxidative stress exceeding adaptive thresholds and ultimately triggering apoptotic cell death Elesclomol demonstrates antitumor activity across diverse human tumor xenograft models and is currently studied as an investigational anticancer compound capable of extending progression-free survival
Apexbio Technology LLC Tolcapone 134308-13-7 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Tolcapone (CAS 134308-13-7) is an orally bioavailable reversible small-molecule inhibitor targeting catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Acting through competitive inhibition tolcapone structurally incorporates a catechol moiety with electron-withdrawing substituents facilitating anionic formation that binds potently to COMT s catalytic site (reported IC50 of approximately 36 nM in rat liver assays) By competitively occupying this active site tolcapone prevents the enzymatic methylation of endogenous catechols such as levodopa thus prolonging levodopa s bioavailability Tolcapone is primarily investigated as adjunctive therapeutic agent in Parkinson s disease research enabling reduced levodopa dosage while enhancing symptomatic control
Apexbio Technology LLC Fidaxomicin 873857-62-6 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Fidaxomicin is a macrocyclic antibiotic derived from Actinomycetes functioning through inhibition of bacterial RNA polymerase by targeting the -subunit thereby interfering with bacterial RNA synthesis It exhibits specific antibacterial effects against Clostridium difficile suppressing toxin production and reducing disease recurrence in Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) Fidaxomicin has entered phase III clinical investigation for treatment of CDI Experimental results indicate an intravenous LD50 of approximately 200 mg/kg in rats reported inhibitory concentrations (IC50) against C difficile RNA polymerase range in the nanomolar scale It is utilized in research for studying bacterial transcription mechanisms and evaluating treatment strategies aimed at CDI
Apexbio Technology LLC Propylthiouracil 51-52-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Propylthiouracil is a thioureylene derivative characterized by inhibitory effects on thyroid hormone synthesis through targeting thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) Its mechanistic actions involve suppression of TPO activity disrupting iodine oxidation and subsequent thyroid hormone formation as well as inhibition of peripheral thyroid hormone conversion via decreased DIO1 enzymatic activity In biomedical research Propylthiouracil is commonly utilized to investigate molecular pathways underlying hyperthyroid conditions such as Graves disease as well as to experimentally explore metabolic regulation of thyroid hormones
Apexbio Technology LLC VER 155008 1134156-31-2 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
VER 155008 (CAS 1134156-31-2) is a small molecule inhibitor targeting members of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) chaperone family It primarily inhibits Hsp70 by binding within its ATPase domain and suppressing its intrinsic ATPase activity thereby reducing chaperone-mediated cell survival functions VER 155008 demonstrates potent inhibition of Hsp70 (IC50 0 5 M) and exhibits moderate inhibitory action against related chaperones Hsc70 and glucose-regulated protein Grp78 In cancer cell models this compound diminishes cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis suggesting utility as a research tool in studying chaperone-dependent tumor cell survival pathways
Apexbio Technology LLC MK-8245 1030612-90-8 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
MK-8245 (CAS 1030612-90-8) is a potent liver-selective small molecule inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) SCD1 catalyzes fatty acid desaturation and represents a target for treating type II diabetes obesity dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders MK-8245 demonstrates strong inhibitory activity against rat mouse and human SCD1 with an IC50 of approximately 1 nM and displays liver-specific tissue distribution mediated by organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) Animal studies revealed MK-8245 reduces blood glucose levels and hepatic triglycerides dose-dependently supporting its application in metabolic disease research
Apexbio Technology LLC C646 328968-36-1 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
C646 (CAS 328968-36-1) is a small molecule pyrazolone derivative that functions as a selective competitive inhibitor of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity of p300 It binds to the active site of p300 forming hydrogen bonds with residues Thr1411 Tyr1467 Trp1466 and Arg1410 C646 demonstrates a Ki of 400 nM and an IC50 of 1 6 M against p300 and also inhibits several p300 point mutants By specifically targeting p300-mediated protein acetylation C646 serves as a valuable research tool in studies investigating histone modification and gene transcription regulation