N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog that inhibits the NF-κB/Smad signaling pathway. It demonstrates various biological activities, including anti-hyperglycemia, antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and insecticidal effects, and is orally active.
- Reduces LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β expression
- Increases IL-10 secretion in RAW 264.7 cells
- Reduces TGF-β1-induced expression of collagen I, α-SMA, and fibronectin in NRK-49F cells
- Induces ROS generation and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential
- Exhibits cytotoxicity in SGC-7901 and AGS cancer cells
- Leads to apoptosis and autophagy
- Exhibits insecticidal activity against *Plutella xylostella*
- Reduces blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein levels in diabetic rats
- Alleviates glomeruli and renal tubule damage
- Reduces tumor volume and weight in SGC-7901 xenograft mouse models