AdipoGen Genipin
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Chemical. CAS 6902-77-8. Formula C11H14O5. MW 226.2. Isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits. Cell permeable inhibitor of uncoupling protein 2 UCP2. Increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels in pancreatic island cells. Anticancer, antimetastatic and anti-angiogenic agent. Increases Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and induces PARP cleavage and caspase-3- and caspase-9-mediated apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC cells. Sensitizes multidrug-resistant cancer cells to cytotoxic agents through UCP2 inhibition. Suppresses the tumor promoting function of UCP2 in a cellular model of Warburg effect. Anti-inflammatory agent. Upregulates nNOS neuronal nitric oxide synthase/NOS I and decreases acute inflammation through inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappaB activity. Inhibits toll-like receptor TLR signaling and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, preventing sepsis and increasing survival in animal models of infection.