Dexamethasone phosphate disodium is an orally active Glucocorticoid receptor agonist. It regulates several transcription factors, including activator protein-1, nuclear factor-AT, and nuclear factor-kB, leading to the activation and repression of key genes involved in the inflammatory response.
- Potently inhibits granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) release from A549 cells with EC50 of 2.2 nM.
- Induces transcription of the β2-receptor (EC50=36 nM).
- Inhibits 3xκB (NF-κB, IκBα, and I-κBβ) with IC50=0.5 nM.
- Effectively inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.
- Decreases recruitment of granulocytes and spontaneous production of oxygen radicals.