Berberine hemisulfate is the hemisulfate form of Berberine. It is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian. Berberine hemisulfate exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibiobic, antitumor, cardiovascular protective, and neuroprotective activity.
- Exhibits antimicrobial activity by inhibiting cell division protein FtsZ, or through DNA/RNA binding causing DNA/RNA damage.
- Exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting TNF-α and the activation of its downstream pathway AP-1 and NF-kB.
- Exhibits neuroprotective efficacy by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and caspase activation, and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.
- Attenuates metabolic diseases through regulations of lipid composition and inhibition of insulin resistance.