Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Apexbio Technology LLC Entinostat (MS-275,SNDX-275) 209783-80-2 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Entinostat (MS-275 SNDX-275 CAS 209783-80-2) is an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) a family of enzymes involved in transcriptional regulation by modifying histone acetylation Specifically entinostat exhibits inhibitory activity against class I HDAC enzymes HDAC1 HDAC3 and HDAC8 with reported IC50 values of 0 368 M 0 501 M and 63 4 M respectively In preclinical investigations entinostat demonstrates anti-proliferative effects in diverse human tumor cell lines including breast colon lung multiple myeloma ovarian pancreatic prostate cancers and leukemia Due to these properties entinostat is widely utilized in oncology research
Apexbio Technology LLC Influenza Hemagglutinin (HA) Peptide 92000-76-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) peptide (sequence YPYDVPDYA) is commonly utilized in biomedical studies as an epitope tag for protein detection and isolation Derived from the influenza virus hemagglutinin protein HA mediates viral entry into host cells through initial receptor binding (via HA1 subunit) and subsequent membrane fusion (via HA2 subunit) Under acidic intracellular conditions HA undergoes conformational changes enabling membrane destabilization and viral fusion Synthetic HA-derived peptides can mimic this fusogenic mechanism enhancing gene transfer efficiency in vitro through promoting cellular uptake of transfection complexes in various cultured cell lines including K562 HeLa and BNL CL 2 hepatocyte cells Typically employed within transferrin-polylysine-DNA based delivery systems these HA peptides facilitate membrane disruption increasing complex internalization reported IC50 values vary depending on specific cellular systems and experimental conditions
Apexbio Technology LLC Alexidine dihydrochloride 1715-30-6 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Alexidine dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor targeting mitochondrial protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (PTPMT1) exhibiting inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of approximately 1 08 M in vitro By inhibiting PTPMT1 Alexidine dihydrochloride modulates mitochondrial signaling pathways implicated in cellular metabolism Additionally this compound enhances insulin secretion in pancreatic -cells of rat islet models In cancer biology research Alexidine dihydrochloride demonstrates activity against FaDu cells providing a relevant tool for studying mitochondrial phosphatase-mediated mechanisms in oncology and diabetes-related research applications
Apexbio Technology LLC Riluzole 1744-22-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Riluzole (CAS 1744-22-5) is a small molecule modulator of glutamatergic neurotransmission exhibiting multiple mechanisms of neuroprotection Its action primarily involves inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels modulation of high-voltage-activated calcium and potassium channels and interference with protein kinase C activity collectively mitigating neuronal excitotoxicity In cultured rat cortical neurons riluzole inhibits inward sodium currents with an IC50 of 51 M At submicromolar to micromolar concentrations riluzole enhances sodium-dependent glutamate uptake mediated by the GLAST GLT1 and EAAC1 transporters Owing to these properties riluzole is commonly utilized in neuroscience research on excitotoxicity neurodegeneration and related pathologies
Apexbio Technology LLC (-)-MK 801 121917-57-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
(-)-MK 801 (CAS 121917-57-5) is a small molecule serving as a non-competitive antagonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor It crosses the blood-brain barrier binding reversibly and with high affinity to cortical membranes in a saturable regionally specific manner notably within the hippocampus (-)-MK 801 selectively inhibits depolarization responses to NMDA receptor activation leading to suppression of seizure-like neuronal activity induced by neurotoxins such as tetrodotoxin Due to these properties it has widespread use as a research tool in neuroscience particularly in investigating excitotoxicity epilepsy and neurological disorders associated with NMDA receptor dysfunction
Apexbio Technology LLC Erythritol 149-32-6 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Erythritol (CAS 149-32-6) is a four-carbon polyol commonly studied for applications as a low-calorie sweetener Structurally related to other sugar alcohols it exhibits minimal caloric contribution due to limited systemic metabolism and absorption Mechanistically erythritol provides sweetness by interacting with taste receptors on the tongue but it does not significantly elevate blood glucose or insulin levels making it a relevant compound for diabetes and metabolic research Emerging evidence also suggests potential effects on gut microbiota and vascular health warranting exploration in biomedical studies focused on metabolism and cardiovascular function
Apexbio Technology LLC Z-FA-FMK 105637-38-5;197855-65-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Z-FA-FMK is a peptidyl fluoromethyl ketone inhibitor targeting cysteine proteases specifically cathepsins such as cathepsin B and certain caspases It does not require a P1 aspartate residue for inhibition Mechanistically Z-FA-FMK suppresses the enzyme activity of effector caspases (including caspases-2 -3 -6 and -7) but shows minimal impact on initiator caspases (caspase-8 and caspase-10) and only partial attenuation of caspase-9 activity As a negative control inhibitor Z-FA-FMK is regularly applied in apoptosis research to differentiate specific caspase-dependent signaling pathways and to assess the role of cathepsins and caspases in biological contexts such as cell death mechanisms and related pathways
Apexbio Technology LLC EPZ5676 1380288-87-8 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
EPZ5676 (CAS 1380288-87-8) is a selective inhibitor targeting DOT1L a histone methyltransferase responsible for H3K79 methylation Structural studies indicate EPZ5676 occupies the enzyme s S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) binding pocket inducing conformational changes and partial opening beyond the SAM hydrophobic pocket EPZ5676 displays potent inhibitory activity against DOT1L (IC50 0 8 nM) with markedly lower affinity for other methyltransferases In MLL-rearranged leukemia models EPZ5676 reduces H3K79 methylation inhibits MLL fusion target gene expression and induces cytotoxicity in leukemia cell lines harboring MLL translocations
Apexbio Technology LLC GW788388 452342-67-5 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
GW788388 (CAS 452342-67-5) is a selective inhibitor targeting activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) the type I receptor for transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- ) It inhibits the kinase activity of ALK5 suppressing TGF- -mediated signaling cascades GW788388 demonstrates potent inhibition of ALK5 autophosphorylation with an IC50 of 18 nM leading to decreased Smad2 phosphorylation It also inhibits TGF- -induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) cellular proliferation fibrosis and angiogenesis in various cell models such as NMuMG MDA-MB-231 RCC and U2OS In animal studies GW788388 ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic db/db mouse models highlighting its utility in investigating TGF- -driven pathophysiological processes
Apexbio Technology LLC Bupivacaine HCl 18010-40-7 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Bupivacaine Hydrochloride (CAS 18010-40-7) is an amino amide-type local anesthetic compound that functions primarily through blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels By preventing sodium ion influx in neuronal membranes it reduces action potential propagation resulting in reversible inhibition of nerve conduction Due to its relatively rapid onset paired with prolonged anesthetic duration bupivacaine hydrochloride is frequently utilized experimentally to investigate neuronal signaling pain mechanisms and local anesthetic pharmacology in biomedical research
Apexbio Technology LLC Omecamtiv mecarbil 873697-71-3 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Omecamtiv mecarbil is a cardiac-specific myosin activator targeting the S1 domain of cardiac myosin It acts by accelerating the release of phosphate (Pi) from the cardiac myosin S1 domain upon actin binding thus facilitating transition from weak to strong actin-bound conformations This mechanistic action enhances cardiomyocyte contractility independent of calcium transient alterations In preclinical studies omecamtiv mecarbil enhances contraction force in isolated cardiomyocytes at submicromolar concentrations and improves cardiac function in animal models of systolic dysfunction without influencing myocardial oxygen consumption Researchers utilize omecamtiv mecarbil to investigate therapeutic approaches in treating systolic heart failure
Apexbio Technology LLC Phenformin HCl 834-28-6 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Phenformin HCl (CAS 834-28-6) is the hydrochloride salt form of phenformin a biguanide-class compound exhibiting antidiabetic activity Phenformin acts primarily by reducing blood glucose levels and diminishing glycosuria as demonstrated in clinical studies with diabetic patients In an investigation involving five diabetic subjects treatment with phenformin led to notably decreased fasting blood glucose concentrations and urinary glucose excretion additionally cholesterol and total lipid levels reduced in four of the five patients studied Phenformin showed no measurable effect on glucose or insulin responses following intravenous glucose administration This biguanide derivative serves as an important pharmacological tool in diabetes-related biomedical research
Apexbio Technology LLC ABT-737 852808-04-9 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
ABT-737 (CAS 852808-04-9) is a small molecule inhibitor targeting the BCL-2 protein family exhibiting high binding affinity toward the anti-apoptotic proteins BCL-2 BCL-X L and BCL-w ABT-737 disrupts BCL-2/BAX protein interactions leading to apoptosis primarily via the BAK-mediated intrinsic pathway independent of BIM In preclinical studies ABT-737 demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity in lymphoma multiple myeloma and small-cell lung cancer models Additionally research indicates activity against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells progenitor cells and leukemia stem cells while sparing normal hematopoietic populations highlighting its potential for therapeutic research in hematologic malignancies
Apexbio Technology LLC KU-60019 925701-49-1 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
KU-60019 is a selective inhibitor targeting ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase with an IC50 value of approximately 6 3 nM Through inhibition of ATM kinase activity KU-60019 influences cellular DNA damage responses and sensitivity to radiation therapy It has been demonstrated to enhance radiosensitivity in human fibroblast cells expressing functional ATM but not in ATM-deficient cells Additionally KU-60019 reduces radiation-induced phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473 in glioma cell lines independently affecting cell migration invasion and proliferation KU-60019 serves as an investigational tool for exploring ATM-dependent signaling pathways and examining therapeutic strategies against cancers involving ATM-regulated DNA repair and cell survival mechanisms
Apexbio Technology LLC Ambrisentan 177036-94-1 10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
Ambrisentan (CAS 177036-94-1) is an orally active selective endothelin receptor antagonist specifically targeting ETA receptors It exhibits strong selectivity towards ETA over ETB receptor subtypes shown by Ki values of approximately 1 nM for recombinant ETA receptors expressed in vitro versus 195 nM for ETB In recombinant human receptor assays using intact cells this selectivity is enhanced with reported Ki values of 0 63 nM (ETA) and 48 7 nM (ETB) Pharmacologically ambrisentan s selective ETA blockade preserves the ETB receptor s intrinsic vasodilatory and endothelin clearance functions making it useful in research involving pulmonary arterial hypertension cerebrovascular conditions and ischemia-reperfusion injury